• the Education Law of 1970 integrates the training of primary teachers with the first cycle of university education;

• the University Reform Law of 1983 sets in place a new structure for the universities, organised around Departments which are seen as teaching, as much as research, units.

Certain concerns emerge when a more prospective view is taken. These include youth unemployment and the persistence of the economic crisis, the imbalance between the length of compulsory schooling and the accepted right to work, the failure to adapt training programmes to educational needs.

These concerns all point to a need for further changes in the education system and also in the training of teachers.