| 面向课堂教学评价的形式化建模与智能计算 |
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| 引用本文： | 张立山,冯硕,李亭亭.面向课堂教学评价的形式化建模与智能计算[J].现代远程教育研究,2021(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张立山 冯硕 李亭亭 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中师范大学人工智能教育学部、国家数字化学习工程技术研究中心 |
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| 基金项目： | 科技创新2030--“新一代人工智能”重大项目“混合增强在线教育关键技术与系统研究”(2020AAA0108804);国家自然科学基金青年项目“项目式学习辅助系统的学生模型研究”(61807004) |
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| 摘 要： | 随着课堂教学从固化单一的教师传授,向强调小组协作参与的教学转变,如何面向以协作学习为基本特征的课堂实施形成性评价已成为教学评价改革亟需解决的问题。在智能技术支持下,形式化建模可以将复杂多变的课堂教学过程解构,形成数理模型;智能计算可以通过算法评估学生学习状态,并根据教学原则生成教学辅助信息。二者的结合可以促进人类智能与机器智能的有效融合,形成人机协同的课堂评价机制。面向课堂教学评价的形式化建模与智能计算通用架构,自下而上包含教与学行为的感知和存储、教与学行为评估模型的构建、教与学状态的智能计算和教学辅助信息的生成四个部分。前两部分着重对教育情境和问题的表征,是形式化建模的关键步骤;后两部分着重具体技术路线的实现,是智能计算的具体过程和功能体现。整个系统以教与学行为的感知和存储为基础,通过构建评估模型,确定模型的输出;然后引入智能算法对模型进行计算,达成对教与学状态的评估;最后根据相应教学原则,自动生成辅助教师进行课堂教学评价的信息。该通用架构以及人机协同教学、评价机制的进一步完善需要研究者携手教师进行"共同设计",协同教育学、计算机科学、心理学等多学科进行交叉研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 课堂教学 智能教育 智能计算 形式化建模 形成性评价 |
Formal Modeling and Intelligent Computing for Classroom Instruction and Assessment |
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| ZHANG Lishan,FENG Shuo,LI Tingting.Formal Modeling and Intelligent Computing for Classroom Instruction and Assessment[J].Modern Distance Education Research,2021(1). |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Lishan FENG Shuo LI Tingting |
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| Abstract: | Classroom teaching is transforming from teacher-centered instruction to student-centered and group-based collaborative learning.However,it is difficult to provide students formative feedback while they are learning in groups,because teachers can only be at one group at a time.With the support of intelligent technology,formal modeling can deconstruct the complex process of classroom teaching into a series of mathematic models,so that intelligent computing can be applied to evaluating students’learning states,and generate adaptive teaching intervention.These techniques can enable human-machine hybrid formative feedback generation.This paper proposed a generalized framework of formal modeling and intelligent computing in the context of classroom teaching,which contains four components:sensing of teaching and learning activities,the assessment of teaching and learning activities,intelligent computing for teaching and learning states,and teaching intervention generation.The former two components deal with formal modeling,and the latter two deal with intelligent computing.In specific,the sensing component is the basement of the entire framework.Then,the assessment states of students need to be defined.Intelligent computing does the actual computation work.Finally,the computed states are used for teaching intervention generation.To better conduct human-machine hybrid teaching,the corresponding human-machine collaboration mechanism needs to be further studied.It requires researchers and front-line teachers to co-design the studies and perform cross-disciplinary research. |
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| Keywords: | Classroom Instruction Artificial Intelligence in Education Intelligent Computing Formal Modeling Formative Assessment |
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