| 农村高中日常教学实践与高考改革之脱节——为何“寒门难出贵子”? |
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| 引用本文： | 李晓亮.农村高中日常教学实践与高考改革之脱节——为何“寒门难出贵子”?[J].全球教育展望,2020,49(3):75-89. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李晓亮 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北师范大学教育学院 兰州 730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“文化资本、学校教育与农村高中生升学困境研究”(项目编号:18YJC880046)的阶段性成果。 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着高校扩招与文凭贬值,农村学生越来越需要考上好大学才能改变命运。但"寒门难出贵子"现象已经引起了学界的很多关注。本文借助布迪厄的文化资本理论,审视了农村高中教学与当前高考改革之间的脱节。本文主要基于2013-2014年对河南省云雀高中高三文科班开展的一项跟踪调查。本文发现,当前的高考越来越强调学生采用灵活多样的学习方式,诸如精选的课外阅读、娱乐活动和休闲旅行等。但云雀高中的教学仍然过度依赖死记硬背和题海战术,表面上的应试教育已经偏离了高考的要求。要改善其农村学生的升学困境,云雀高中需要适当调整教学方式,以贴近高考改革提出的新要求。
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| 关 键 词： | 高考 农村学生 文化资本 应试教育 |
Gaokao Reform and Routine Pedagogy at a Rural Senior High School: Understanding the Poor University Access of Rural Students |
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| Authors: | LI Xiaoliang |
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| Institution: | (School of Education,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,730070,China) |
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| Abstract: | Due to the devaluation of higher education degrees at the age of universities’ increased enrollment, entering prestigious universities becomes essential for rural students to upgrade their life. However, numerous studies indicate that fewer rural teenagers than urban teenagers were admitted to prestigious universities. Inspired by Bourdieu’s theoretical insights of cultural capital, this paper investigates how the teaching at rural senior high schools was able or unable to meet the demands of the recent gaokao(university entrance examination) reforms. Between the years 2013 and 2014, a longitudinal fieldwork was conducted at the Lark High School of Henan Province, focusing on the learning and teaching at the final-year classes. This paper finds that the recent gaokao has increasingly expected students to learn through selective reading, entertainment activities and cultural trips. However, "rote learning" and "excessive drills" were still the routine pedagogy at the Lark High School. The so-called "examination-oriented education" was actually deviated from the requirements of the recent gaokao reforms. In order to improve their students’ access to higher education, teachers at the Lark High School have yet to transform their taken-for-granted pedagogy to fit the recent gaokao reforms. |
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| Keywords: | university entrance examination rural students cultural capital examination-oriented education |
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