Analysis of SEVA TB ES-31 antigen specific immunoglobulins IgM, IgA and IgG in sera of sputum and culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis |
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| Authors: | Sonika Gupta Niraj Shende Swati Banerjee Satish Kumar M V R Reddy Bhaskar C Harinath |
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| Institution: | (1) Jamnalal Bajaj Tropical Disease Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, 442 102 Wardha, Maharashtra, India |
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| Abstract: | Tuberculosis remains major health problem in India and developing countries Immunodiagnosis has important role in screening,
diagnosis and management of tuberculosis. SEVA TB ES-31 antigen has shown potential in detecting tuberculous IgG antibody
in earlier studies from our laboratory. In the present study we have analysedSEVA TB ES-31 antigen specific immunoglobulinsIgM, IgA and IgG in clinically and bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis cases to determine the usefulness of specific immunoglobulin
class in the diagnosis of patients attending the hospital.
Of the 30 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis 25 (83.3%) were positive for IgG, 19 (63.3%) for IgM and 16 (53.3%) for IgA. On
combining IgG and IgM positivity, sensitivity was increased to 93.3%. While combining IgG and IgA positivity, sensitivity
increased to 90%. However specificity was decreased to 66.6% and 70% for both of these combinations respectively. It could
be envisaged from this study that IgG antibody detection against ES-31 antigen showed acceptable sensitivity (83.3%) and specificity
(86.6%) compared to IgM or IgA alone or in combination. When immune responses were analysed according to degree of sputum
positivity, IgG response was observed to be predominant in all grades, compared to IgM or IgA antibody. The addition of IgM
or IgA as an adjunct test increases the sensitivity but at the cost of specificity. Hence the detection of IgG alone is more
useful compared to IgM or IgA assay, in detecting tuberculosis disease cases coming to the hospital. |
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| Keywords: | Immunoglobulins SEVA TB ES-31 antigen ELISA Pulmonary tuberculosis |
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