| 强制体育仲裁之合法性要素探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭树理.强制体育仲裁之合法性要素探讨[J].天津体育学院学报,2022(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭树理 |
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| 作者单位： | 苏州大学王健法学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目(项目编号:20CTY010)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 在土耳其足球运动员和裁判员起诉土耳其政府的两起体育纠纷案件中,欧洲人权法院判决土耳其政府败诉,法院根据《欧洲人权公约》第6条第1款否定了土耳其足协强制体育仲裁制度的合法性,维护了运动员和裁判员寻求司法救济和接受公平审判的权利。该判决与此前该法院在佩希斯泰因诉瑞士联邦政府案中认可国际强制体育仲裁制度的合法性并不矛盾:设置强制体育仲裁制度本身(perse)并不违法,但如果该制度中的仲裁机构和仲裁员未能满足独立性和中立性要求、仲裁程序的公正性得不到保证、仲裁裁决不能接受国家法院的司法审查时,强制体育仲裁制度可能会侵犯当事人的诉权,而国家政府会因为违反《欧洲人权公约》第6条第1款而承担法律责任。参考该案判决,根据中国签署的国际人权公约与中国宪法对人权保障的要求,在目前中国法院不愿意受理竞技体育纠纷案件、独立的体育仲裁制度并不存在的情势下,应当对以中国足协内部仲裁机制为代表的强制体育仲裁制度进行机构设置和程序规则方面的改革,保障其裁决机构的基本中立性以及裁决程序的公正性,并加快中国外部独立体育仲裁制度的构建,避免李根案之类的尴尬局面再度出现。
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| 关 键 词： | 体育纠纷 体育仲裁 强制 诉权 |
On the Legitimate Elements of Compulsory Sports Arbitration |
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| GUO Shuli.On the Legitimate Elements of Compulsory Sports Arbitration[J].Journal of Tianjin Institute of Physical Education,2022(1). |
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| Authors: | GUO Shuli |
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| Institution: | (Kenneth Wang School of Law,Soochow University,Suzhou 215006,China) |
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| Abstract: | In the two sports dispute cases of Turkey football player and referee suit against Turkey Government,the European Court of Human Rights ruled the Turkey Government lose the case.The Court held the invalidity of compulsory sports arbitration mechanism under Turkey Football Association according to Article 6.1 of European Convention of Human Right protecting athletes and referees’right of access to justice and fair trial.This judgment does not contra?dict to the case of Petchstein v.Switzerland verdict for the compulsory sports arbitration is not illegal per se while it should be illegal for infringing on the par?ties’litigious right and the Government should be held legally responsible for breach Article 6.1 of European Convention of Human Right if the arbitral insti?tution and arbitrators could not keep their independence and impartiality,if the arbitral procedure could not be fair,and if the arbitral award could not be ap?peared before the state court of law.Referring this judgment and according to the protecting human rights requirement by the international human rights con?ventions which signed by China and China‘s Constitution,and the reluctant attitude of court of law in China to hear the professional sports dispute cases and the non-existence of independent sports arbitration in China,the internal arbitration system under China Football Association which represent the compulso?ry sports arbitration mechanism in China shall be reformed with the institutional installment and procedure rules,safeguarding the basic independence of the arbitral panel and fairness of the proceedings,meanwhile the external independent China’s sports arbitration system should be set up immediately,avoiding the embarrassment situation as the case of Li Gen occurs again. |
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| Keywords: | sports dispute sports arbitration compulsory litigious right |
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