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Drug use,the transition from school to work and occupational achievement in the United States |
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| Authors: | Denise Kandel Peter Mossel Robert Kaestner |
| Institution: | 1. New York State Psychiatric Institute, USA 2. Columbia University, USA 3. Columbia University, 722 West 168th St., Box 20, New York, New York, 10032 4. Dept. of Health Sciences Administration, Columbia University, 630 West 168th St., 10032, New York, N.Y. 5. AT&T, Route 202/206 North, 07921, Bedminster, N.J. |
| Abstract: | To determine the effects of drug use on entry into the labor force and subsequent socioeconomic achievement, we estimated duration models of the time elapsed since first leaving school to the first fulltime civilian job and jobs held at ages 24–25 and 28–29. The duration models show inconsistent drug effects: women who use illicit drugs other than marijuana delay entry into the labor force while men who use alcohol daily experience a somewhat more rapid entry. Blacks and those with a lower level of educational attainment enter the labor force more slowly than non-blacks and those with higher educational levels. The more important determinants of occupational outcomes at entry and later points in the work career are the human capital variables, i.e. educational attainment and experience. Duration of time since leaving school to first job has a statistically significant and negative impact on earnings, which increases over time for men but not for women. Being black is consistently associated with higher earnings among women. Holding constant other determinants of socioeconomic achievement, such as family background factors, marital status, race, and participation in different activities and roles during high school, effects of drug use among men and women and across earnings and prestige of the job are weak and inconsistent. The only statistically significant effect is the positive impact of marijuana use on males’ earnings at age 29. The findings lead us to conclude that drug use has only minor impact on occupational achievement in early adulthood. |
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