| 监督与制衡：日本《私立学校法》修订的新动态及其争议 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 覃红霞,张金丹,张 斌.监督与制衡：日本《私立学校法》修订的新动态及其争议[J].复旦教育论坛,2023,21(3):31-38. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 覃红霞 张金丹 张 斌 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 厦门大学 教育研究院 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 全国教育科学规划“十三五”规划2020年度国家一般项目“‘一带一路’国家来华留学生期望与就读体验”（BIA200185）。 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 适龄入学人口的减少导致日本私立大学面临生源和破产危机,私立学校丑闻频发也暴露了家族式学校治理的缺陷,私立学校的公益性有待加强。因此,日本文部科学省围绕“积极性治理”和“防御性治理”对《私立学校法》进行修订,包括制定修改规章制度,澄清学校法人权责、细化各方职能,加强信息公开、提高管理透明度等。但《私立学校法》仍存在争议,争议的焦点在于：如何确定理事会和评议会的权责;如何处理学校管理权与教学权,形成权力制衡格局;如何保障监事会的公正性与专业性,避免家族式私立学校监督乏力;如何处理学校法人自主治理和政府责任关系。《私立学校法》修订与争议的实质在于日本私立大学权力的监督与制衡。
|
| 关 键 词： | 《私立学校法》 法人治理 监督与制衡 权力 |
Supervision and Power Balances: New Developments and Controversies in the Revision of the Private School Law in Japan |
| |
| QIN Hongxi,ZHANG Jindan,ZHANG Bin.Supervision and Power Balances: New Developments and Controversies in the Revision of the Private School Law in Japan[J].Fudan Education Forum,2023,21(3):31-38. |
| |
| Authors: | QIN Hongxi ZHANG Jindan ZHANG Bin |
| |
| Institution: | Institute of Education, Xiamen University |
| |
| Abstract: | Private universities in Japan are currently facing a range of difficulties, including a declining school-age population that is leading to a crisis of enrollment and bankruptcy, the occurrence of school scandals that reveal deficiencies in the family-type corporate governance of schools, and need to strengthen the public welfare of private schools. In response, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) has focused on "positive governance" and "defensive governance" to revise the Private Schools Act. The revision includes formulating and modifying school rules and regulations to clarify the rights and responsibilities of the school corporation, realizing its functions, and enhancing information disclosure and transparency in management. However, the Private Schools Act is still under discussion after the revision is completed. The focus of the dispute is how to determine the powers and responsibilities of the board of directors and the board of review, how to deal with the school management and teaching rights to form a pattern of power balances, how to ensure the impartiality and professionalism of the board of supervisors to avoid the lack of supervision of family public schools, and how to deal with the relationship between independent governance of school corporation and government responsibility. The essence of the reform and controversy of the Private Schools Act lies in the supervision and power balances of private universities. |
| |
| Keywords: | Private Schools Act corporate governance supervise and balances power |
|
| 点击此处可从《复旦教育论坛》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《复旦教育论坛》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
