|
|||||
|
|
| 2000-2010年中国耕地变化与耕地占补平衡政策效果分析 | |
| 引用本文： | 许丽丽,李宝林,袁烨城,高锡章,刘海江,董贵华.2000-2010年中国耕地变化与耕地占补平衡政策效果分析[J].资源科学,2015,37(8):1543-1551. |
| 作者姓名： | 许丽丽 李宝林 袁烨城 高锡章 刘海江 董贵华 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京 100101 2. 中国科学院大学,北京100049 3. 江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京 210023 4. 中国环境监测总站,北京100012 |
| 基金项目： | 国家973项目（2015CB954103;2015CB954101）;科技支撑计划项目（2012BAH33B01） |
| 摘 要： | 本文基于中分辨率卫星遥感数据,深入分析了2000-2010年间中国耕地变化及其空间差异,并对中国耕地占补平衡政策的实施效果进行了评估。结果表明：10年间中国耕地面积有所减少,由2000年的1.85亿hm2,减少到2010年的1.81亿hm2,耕地减少的主要方式为耕地转为城镇建设用地。耕地变化在空间上呈现出西增东减,北增南减,东部沿海自然条件良好地区以及中部生态环境脆弱地区耕地减少,西部水资源缺乏地区耕地增加的基本格局。大部分省份没有实现耕地占补平衡基本目标,有18个省份占补平衡指数小于-50％。建设占用的耕地多适宜农业耕作,而新增耕地只有不到一半适宜农业耕作。研究时段内经济快速发展、人口增加以及城镇化等因素导致的建设用地需求快速增加,决定了东部地区耕地占补平衡很难有效实施。全国耕地总体占补平衡背后存在较为严重的生态风险,耕地增加过于依赖土地开发,对现有耕地的保护亟待加强。 |
| 关 键 词： | 耕地变化 占补平衡 土地适宜性 遥感 政策效果 中国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-07-15 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015-05-06 |
Changes in China’s cultivated land and the evaluation of land requisition-compensation balance policy from 2000 to 2010 |
|
| XU Lili,LI Baolin,YUAN Yecheng,GAO Xizhang,LIU Haijiang,DONG Guihua.Changes in China’s cultivated land and the evaluation of land requisition-compensation balance policy from 2000 to 2010[J].Resources Science,2015,37(8):1543-1551. | |
| Authors: | XU Lili LI Baolin YUAN Yecheng GAO Xizhang LIU Haijiang DONG Guihua |
| Institution: | 1. State Key Lab of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 3. Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application,Nanjing 210023,China 4. China National Environment Monitoring Center,Beijing 100012,China |
| Abstract: | We analyzed changes in China’s cultivated land and evaluated the implementation of Cultivated Land Cropland Requisition-Compensation Balance （RCB） policy from 2000 to 2010 based on remote sensing data （Landsat TM/ETM+ and HJ-1 CCD）. We found that from 2000 to 2010,the area of cultivated land decreased from 185.5 million ha to 181.2 million ha at a rate of -2.3%. Most changed cultivated land was turned into built-up areas. Cultivated land increased in western and northern China,but the trend was opposite in eastern and southern China. Specifically,cultivated land decreased in coastal eastern China as well as areas with fragile ecological environments in central China,while in the water shortage area of western China,cultivated land increased greatly. Over this period,the change in cultivated land kept requisition-compensation balance in general with an RCB index of -2.6% and varied greatly between provinces. There RCB index in 18 provinces was lower than -50%,far from the target of RCB policy. Most cropland occupied by construction was suitable for agriculture,whose ratio was higher than 75.3%,especially in major grain producing provinces. However,the ratio,which was suitable for agricultural production in reclaimed cultivated land was only 45.8%. The RCB policy could not be carried out effectively in eastern China due to high-speed economic development,population increases and urbanization. In general,although China has general kept the requisition- compensation balance,serious ecological risks exist. The increase in cultivated land is too dependent on land development and more attention should be paid to protecting existing cultivated land. |
| Keywords: | cultivated land change cultivated land requisition-compensation balance land suitability remote sensing data policy China |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ | |
| 点击此处可从《资源科学》浏览原始摘要信息 | |
| 点击此处可从《资源科学》下载免费的PDF全文 | |