| 振动负荷辅助举重训练对优秀女子举重运动员影响的实验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王兴泽,胡贤豪,康辉斌.振动负荷辅助举重训练对优秀女子举重运动员影响的实验研究[J].中国体育科技,2009,45(4). |
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| 作者姓名： | 王兴泽 胡贤豪 康辉斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 赣南师范学院体育学院,江西,赣州,341000
2. 上海体育学院,上海,200438 |
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| 基金项目： | 江西省教育厅青年科学基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的:配合奥运科技攻关冬训备战任务(即提高优秀女子举重运动员腿部力量以及躯干支撑能力).方法:采用自制振动台对6名国家队优秀女子举重运动员实施振动负荷辅助训练,通过机体运动能力(即后深蹲、预蹲和膝、髋关节等速肌力矩)、身体形态指标测试记录并进行分析讨论.结果:优秀女子举重运动员通过振动负荷辅助训练后后深蹲和预蹲单位体重增加7%以上,膝、髋关节单位体重肌力矩增加10%～16%左右.身体形态指标显示出体重变化在1 kg之内,体脂没有变化,局部围度变化在1 cm左右,3项形态指标变化在正常范围,对比赛和训练没有影响.振动负荷是交变负荷的一种,振动负荷从属于交变负荷.研究认为,中等强度的振动负荷辅助训练可以提高局部关节周围肌腱及深层次肌肉功能,导致关节以及肌肉力量和张力发展平衡,提高了相对较弱肌群力量水平,促进机体整体机能提高.振动负荷对身体形态影响的机制探讨中得出低频振动,提高肌肉的新陈代谢能力,促进血液循环.结论:优秀女子举重运动员通过振动负荷辅助训练后,身体局部及整体肌群协调性得到提高,腿部肌群力量有明显突破,躯干支撑能力明显加大.振动负荷辅助训练前后,实验对象的身体形态变化不大,不会影响比赛和训练.振动负荷辅助训练使得训练有素的机体整体能力突破的可能机制为振动刺激对机体中、深层次肌群产生由小到大的交变刺激效应,以及振动显著减少了流体的内摩擦系数,增加了其流动性.
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| 关 键 词： | 举重 女子 优秀运动员 振动负荷 辅助训练 效果 |
Study of Vibration Load Assist in Weightlifting Training on Elite Woman Weightlifters |
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| WANG Xing-ze,HU Xian-hao,KANG Hui-bin.Study of Vibration Load Assist in Weightlifting Training on Elite Woman Weightlifters[J].China Sport Science and Technology,2009,45(4). |
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| Authors: | WANG Xing-ze HU Xian-hao KANG Hui-bin |
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| Abstract: | Purpose:To meet the scientific service tasks of preparing for winter training (that is to improve elite women weightlifter's leg strength and torso supportability). Method:Throngh using self-made vibration table training assist in six national woman weightlifters preparing for the Games with vibration load excises, analysis and discuss by the ability of the body movement (that is squat, pre-squatting, hip and knee isokinetic muscle torque), records of body shape in-dicators test. Result: Elite woman weightlifter's unit weight of squat and pre-squat gain more than 7% through the vibration load training, muscle torque unit weight of knee and hip joint increase 10～16 %. Body shape indicators show that changes in body weight are within one kil-ogram, the body fat has not changed, dimension changes within one centimeter, changes of three indicators are in the form of the normal range, these changes has not affected training and competition. Then come to conclusion by analysis the training process of vibration load:Vibra-tion load is a kind of load, subordinating alternation load. During training process, the body mainly bear barbell load, from the discussion of vibration load training can improve training ef-fort, we can learn that medium intensity vibration load assist in training can improve tendon a-round local joint and muscle function of deep-seated. We can learn that low-frequeney vibration improve muscle metabolic capacity and promote blood circulation. Conclusion:Through the vi-bration training load assist in weightlifting, elite women's weightlifter's local body and the o-verall muscles coordination improved, muscle strength in their legs is obviously enhanced, the capacity of the trunk supporting increased obviously. The coordination of the whole body is im-proved. The experiment subjects' body shapes changed little. These changes will not affect competition and training. Vibration load training assist in weightlifting may cause alternating stimulation effect produced by the medium and deep-seated muscles. Vibration reduced the fric-tion coefficient of the fluid, and increases their mobility. |
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| Keywords: | weightli fting woman elite athlete vibration load squat pre-squatting torso sup-portability |
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