| 中国可持续发展的理论与实践 |
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| 引用本文： | 牛文元.中国可持续发展的理论与实践[J].中国科学院院刊,2012,27(3):280-289. |
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| 作者姓名： | 牛文元 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所 北京100190 |
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| 摘 要： | 可持续发展的理论核心,紧密地围绕着两条基础主线:其一,努力把握人与自然之间关系的平衡,寻求人与自然的和谐发展及其关系的合理性。同时,我们必须把人的发展同资源的消耗、环境的退化、生态的胁迫等联系在一起。其实质就体现了人与自然之间关系的和谐与协同进化;其二,努力实现人与人之间关系的协调。一方面通过舆论引导、伦理规范、道德感召等人类意识的觉醒,另一方面更要通过法制约束、社会规范、文化导向等人类活动的有效组织,逐步达到人与人之间关系(包括代际之间关系)的调适与公正。归纳起来,全球所面临的"可持续发展"宏大命题,从根本上体现了人与自然之间和人与人之间关系的总协调。有效协同"人与自然"的关系,是保障可持续发展的基础;而正确处理"人与人"之间的关系,则是实现可持续发展的核心。本文在提取可持续发展理论内涵的基础上,对可持续发展理论的三维解释、可持续发展的临界阈值、可持续发展的数学模型、可持续能力建设方程、可持续发展下的绿色GDP度量,以及中国可持续发展战略的实践和行动,进行了综合性的归纳。
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| 关 键 词： | 可持续发展 可持续理论 中国 |
Theory and Practice of China's Sustainable Development |
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| Niu Wenyuan.Theory and Practice of China's Sustainable Development[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012,27(3):280-289. |
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| Authors: | Niu Wenyuan |
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| Institution: | Niu Wenyuan(Insititute of Policy & Management,CAS 100090 Beijing) |
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| Abstract: | The theoretical framework of sustainable development may be traced back to the philosophical prime of ancient civilizations and it contains the summary of the practical activities in modern society: The sustainable development based on scientific value can only be realized when Human’s extortion from nature must equal his compensation on nature;Human’s efforts for the contemporary world must equal his efforts for its posterity;People’s exertion on their local region must equal their endeavor for other regions.At the same time,sustainability science fully reflects the human practice in various social activities,epitomizing a perfect integration in the relationship between "humanity and nature" and the inter-dependence between "man and man".It contains the duality of the two keynotes: the balance between "humanity and nature" and the harmony between man and humanity.Starting from this point,we are to explore the rational laws governing human behavior,the coordinated evolution between humanity and nature,the space-and-time coupling of the development itinerary,self-disciplined degree in human demands,the norms of integrate benefits and widely endorsed ethical code in human behavior.Through equilibrium,self-adjustment,optimization,coordination,eventually,the co-existence between humanity and nature and social justice among people may be reached.In this paper,the author summarized the following sustainability theories: the 3-D explanation of sustainable development in the nature,economy,and society field;the critical threshold towards sustainability development;the mathematical models of sustainability;the capacity building formula of sustainability;the calculation of green GDP under sustainability;and practice and actions of China’s sustainable development strategy. |
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| Keywords: | sustainable development sustainability science China |
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