| 非营利性民办学校登记为事业单位的悖论及其破解——以《民办学校分类登记实施细则》第8条为中心 |
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| 引用本文： | 张海鹏.非营利性民办学校登记为事业单位的悖论及其破解——以《民办学校分类登记实施细则》第8条为中心[J].复旦教育论坛,2021,19(1):45-51. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张海鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 西南大学 法学院/教育立法研究基地 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“促进民办教育发展的财税政策工具及其法律配置研究” |
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| 摘 要： | 《民办学校分类登记实施细则》第7条规定,非营利性民办学校可以登记为事业单位。这不仅与《民法典》等上位立法发生冲突,存在操作障碍,而且背离事业单位改革趋势。产生该规定的根源在于未能科学认识我国非营利性民办学校的法人类型。对此,应回到基本法层面,对非营利性民办学校的法人类型予以体系化重释。一方面,坚持事业单位法人的国有属性,将其从民办学校法人类型体系中去除;另一方面,摈弃将非营利性民办学校统一定性为捐助法人的解释范式,承认社团型非营利性民办学校这一类型。同时,配套完善非营利性民办学校扶持及国有资产监督管理机制,从而形成社团型非营利性民办学校与财团型非营利性民办学校并存的“新二元体系”,从根本上解决非营利性民办学校的法人地位问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 非营利性 民办学校 事业单位 法人 |
The Paradox of Non-profit Private Schools Registered as Public Institutions and Its Resolution:Focusing on Article 7 of the Implementation Rules for Classified Registration of Private Schools |
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| ZHANG Haipeng.The Paradox of Non-profit Private Schools Registered as Public Institutions and Its Resolution:Focusing on Article 7 of the Implementation Rules for Classified Registration of Private Schools[J].Fudan Education Forum,2021,19(1):45-51. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Haipeng |
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| Institution: | School of Law & Educational Legislation Research Base, Southwest University |
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| Abstract: | Article 7 of the Implementation Rules for Classified Registration of Private Schools stipulates that non-profit private schools can be registered as public institutions. However, it is not only in conflict with higher-level legislation such as the Civil Law Code, but also creates operational obstacles in practice and runs counter to the reform trend of public institutions. The reason for this provision lies in the lack of scientific understanding of the legal person type of non-profit private schools in China. In this regard, we should return to the basic law level and systematically reinterpret the types of non-profit private schools. On the one hand, we should adhere to the state-owned attribute of the legal person of public institution and remove it from the legal person type system of private schools. On the other hand, non-profit private schools should not be uniformly defined as incorporated foundations, and the existence of incorporated associations in non-profit private schools should be recognized. Meanwhile, we should improve the supporting mechanism for non-profit private schools and the supervision and management mechanism for state-owned assets. In this way, a "new dual system" for non-profit private schools including both incorporated associations and incorporated foundations can be established so as to fundamentally solve the problem of the legal person status of non-profit private schools. |
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| Keywords: | non-profit private schools public institution legal person |
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