| 艾宾浩斯与巴特莱特记忆研究之比较 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈华峰.艾宾浩斯与巴特莱特记忆研究之比较[J].株洲师范高等专科学校学报,2002(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈华峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南师范大学心理系 湖南长沙 |
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| 摘 要： | 记忆研究先驱艾宾浩斯和巴特莱特都处在联想主义盛行的时代。艾氏接受联想主义，而巴氏反对之。通过比较发现：（１）虽然基本观点不同，但由于强调的侧重点不同，巴氏并没有推翻艾氏的观点。研究都属于长时记忆，且主要是显性记忆。艾氏强调的是保持的量，而巴氏强调的是保持的质。（２）观点各异主要源于实验方法的不同，艾氏使用的是无意义音节和节省测量法，而巴氏使用的是接近日常生活情境的有意义材料。（３）对内隐记忆都有所提及，艾氏提出了有效的测量方法──节省法；巴氏对记忆的社会决定作用进行了研究。简言之，开辟了两条记忆研究的道路。
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| 关 键 词： | 记忆的质与量 无意义音节 显性记忆 隐性记忆 |
A Comparison Between Ebbinghaus's Memory Research and Bartlett's |
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| CHEN Hua-feng.A Comparison Between Ebbinghaus's Memory Research and Bartlett's[J].Journal of Zhuzhou Teachers College,2002(1). |
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| Authors: | CHEN Hua-feng |
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| Abstract: | Hermann Ebbinghaus and Frederic Bartlett,two poineers of memory research are in the day of as- sociationism. Ebbinghaus accepts associationism but Bartlett is against it. Comparing their memory resear- ches, the article concludes: (1)Though their main viewpoints were different, they both focused their resear- ches on long-term memory and especially explicit memory. Bartlett didn't overthrow Ebbinghaus' viewpoints in spite of their different emphatic sides. Ebbinghaus emphasized the quantity of maintenance. but Bartlett emphasized the quality of maintenance. (2) Different viewpoints come from different experiment methods. Ebbinghaus used the nonsense syllables and the method of measure of economy. However. it is meaningful materials from the situations similar to those in daily life that Bartlett used. (3)They both mentioned implic- it memory. Ebbinghaus set up the method of maintenance, which is the valid method of measurement, and Bartlett made research into the social determination function of memory. In short, they opened up two ways to memory researches. |
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| Keywords: | quality and quantity of memory nonsense syllables explicit memory implicit memory |
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