| 中国猕猴桃属植物叶表皮毛微形态特征及数量分类分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 何子灿,钟扬,刘洪涛,唐先华,叶力,黄德世,徐立铭.中国猕猴桃属植物叶表皮毛微形态特征及数量分类分析[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,2000,38(2):121-136. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何子灿 钟扬 刘洪涛 唐先华 叶力 黄德世 徐立铭 |
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| 摘 要： | 选取国产猕猴桃35个分类群的代表植株，应用光学显微镜对其新鲜叶表皮毛的微形态特征、形体大小、细胞结构、分布和密度等多态性状和数量性状进行了观察和测量。该属植物的叶表皮毛微形态特征可归纳为6个类型：1)单细胞毛；2)单列多细胞毛，包括线形单列毛、泡状单列毛、扭曲毛、直壁单列毛、曲壁单列毛；3)多列渐尖毛和急尖毛，包括多列曲壁渐尖毛和急尖毛、多列直壁渐尖毛和急尖毛； 4)多列粗毛，包括柱状毛、多列渐尖粗毛、多列急尖粗毛；5)星状毛，包括薄壁星状毛、厚壁星状毛(分正常状况和莲座毛、盾形星状毛、叠生星状毛等特殊状况)；6)二歧分枝毛。在此基础上，建立了数据矩阵，并选择猕猴桃科藤山柳lematoclethra lasioclada作为外类群，应用Wagner法和UPGMA聚类法对中国猕猴桃属植物进行了分支分析和表征分析。分支分析结果表明：梁畴芬在1984年发表的分类系统中的净果组为单系类群，而其它3个组(斑果组、糙毛组和星毛组)均不构成单系类群。表征分析反映了猕猴桃属分类群间的表征亲缘关系，特别是反映了中华猕猴桃与美味猕猴桃两个物种间关系较近，而与硬齿猕猴桃两个变种间的关系较远。叶表皮毛微形态特征及数量分类分析方法对研究猕猴桃属植物的系统发育关系和亲缘关系具有重要的意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 猕猴桃属 叶表皮毛 微形态特征 分支分析 表征分析 |
Quantitative taxonomic analyses of Actinidia (Actinidiaceae) in China based on micromorphological characters of foliar trichomes |
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| HE Zi-Can,ZHONG Yang,LIU Hong-Tao,TANG Xian-Hua,YE Li,HUANG De-Shi.Quantitative taxonomic analyses of Actinidia (Actinidiaceae) in China based on micromorphological characters of foliar trichomes[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2000,38(2):121-136. |
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| Authors: | HE Zi-Can ZHONG Yang LIU Hong-Tao TANG Xian-Hua YE Li HUANG De-Shi |
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| Abstract: | There are various arguments on classification of the genus Actinidia Lindl., a genus with
approximately 63 species, 59 of which have been found in China. The paper investigated the char-
acteristics of foliar trichomes of 35 taxa from China under optical microscope, including size, celluar
structure, distribution and density. According to their micromorphological characteristics, foliar
trichomes can be classified into the following six categories: 1) single-cell hairs; 2) uniseriate
hairs, including linear, bulbous, twisted, straight-walled, and bent-walled hairs; 3) multiseriate
hairs, including twisted, straight-walled and gradually sharpening, straight-walled and suddenly
sharpening, bent-walled and gradually sharpening, and suddenly sharpening hairs; 4) multiseriate
thick hairs, including pillar hairs, gradually sharpening thick hairs, and suddenly sharpening thick
hairs; 5) stellate hairs, including parenchyma-stellate and sclerenchyma-stellate (normal state and
special states such as rosulate, peltate-stellate, and overlopping-stellate) hairs; and 6) dichoto-
mous hairs. On the basis of the micromorphological characteristics of foliar trichomes in Actinidia,
with Clematoclethra lasioclada as an outgroup, both the quantitative cladistic analysis and phenetic
analysis were performed using Wagner method and UPGMA clustering method respectively to recon-
struct the phylogeny of Actinidia in China. The phylogenetic tree generated by cladistic analysis sug-
gests that the sect. Leiocarpae be a monophyletic group, but other three sections, i.e., sect. Mac-
ulatae, sect. Strigosae and sect. Stellatae, be non-monophyletic groups. The results obtained from
the phenetic analysis reflect relationships among the taxa of Actinidia in China, especially a close
relationship between A. chinensis and A. deliciosa, and a relatively remote relationship between
A. callosa var. henryi and A. callosa var. discolor. In conclusion, the micromorphological char-
acters of foliar trichomes and the methods of quantitative taxonomic analysis are of key importance tostudies on phylogenetic and phenetic relationships of Actinidia. |
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| Keywords: | Actinidia Foliar trichome Micromorphogical character Cladistic analysis Phenetic analysis |
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