| 美国联邦政府高等教育财政资助体制的早期孕育与成型 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘旭东,傅松涛.美国联邦政府高等教育财政资助体制的早期孕育与成型[J].职业技术教育,2012(22):72-77. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘旭东 傅松涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 河北大学教育学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 政教分离原则和新教思想引领了殖民地和建国时期美国联邦政府自由放任的高等教育财政资助政策。宪法对联邦政府教育权力的回避使得创办国立大学的计划破产,达特茅斯学院案再一次维护了私立大学的合法地位,刺激了州立大学的广泛创建。这段时期,联邦政府基本徘徊在高等教育门外。《莫里尔法案》开启了联邦以土地赠予形式干预高等教育的时代。随着一战的爆发,联邦政府通过军事服务全面介入高等教育,逐渐形成了以资助军事研究和人员培训为主要形式的早期联邦高等教育财政资助体制。
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| 关 键 词： | 联邦政府 高等教育 财政资助 美国 |
Early Gestation and the Formation of Financial Support System for Higher Education of the Federal Government in the USA |
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| LIU Xu-dong,FU Song-tao.Early Gestation and the Formation of Financial Support System for Higher Education of the Federal Government in the USA[J].Vocational and Technical Education,2012(22):72-77. |
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| Authors: | LIU Xu-dong FU Song-tao |
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| Institution: | (Education College,Hebei University,Baoding Hebei 071002,China) |
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| Abstract: | The principle of secularism and protestant thoughts gave rise to laissez-faire financial support of higher educa. tion policy of the federal government in the colonies and constitution-founding period in the USA.Because of the ab. sence of the federal powers on education in constitution,the plan of the founding of the national universities aborted.In addition,the case of Dartmouth College secured the legal status of private universities,which also stimulated the exten. sive establishment of state universities.During this period,the federal government basically wandered outside the door of higher education."Morrill Act"opened the era of federal government’s intervention of higher education in the form of land grant.With the outbreak of the First World War,the federal government involved in higher education affairs by mili. tary services,and the early system of federal financial support of higher education was formed with funding research and military training as its main contents. |
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| Keywords: | federal government higher education financial support USA |
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