Stakeholder perceptions on the democratic governance of major sports events |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Ottawa, Canada;2. Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Norway;1. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Team Sports Department, Greece;2. Athens University of Economics and Business, Department of Statistics, Greece;1. College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Niagara University, 5795 Lewiston Rd., Niagara University, NY 14109, United States;2. School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, 1151 Richmond Rd., London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada;1. Department of Recreation, Sport and Tourism, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 219 Huff Hall, MC-584, Champaign, IL 61820, USA;2. Management Discipline Group, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia;1. School of Physical Education, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname Hiratsuka Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan;2. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Higashifushimi, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo, 2020021, Japan;1. Department of Finance, University of Vigo, Facultad de CC. Empresariales y Turismo Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain. ID Lab, NRU Higher School of Economics (Russian Federation);2. University of Maryland Baltimore County, UMBC, Department of Economics, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Catonsville, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA, ID Lab, NRU Higher School of Economics (Russian Federation);3. GEN (Governance and Economics research Network), University of Vigo, Facultad de CC. Empresariales y Turismo Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain;1. College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;2. Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine and Research, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;3. Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA;4. Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, WHO Collaborating Centre for Travellers'' Health, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;5. Division of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA;6. Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity Program, Public Health & Hospital Emergency Preparedness Program, Commonwealth Health Care Corporation, Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands, USA;7. Public Health England and Chatham House Centre on Global Health Security, Royal Institute of International Affairs, London, UK;8. Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;9. Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;10. National Centre for Microbial Resource, Pune, Maharashtra, India;11. National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, India;12. Division of Infection, University College London, London, UK;13. NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | This paper addressed the following research questions: (1) How do the different event stakeholders view the principles associated with democratic governance (performance, accountability, transparency and stakeholder participation) in relation to planning major sports events? and (2) How informative are democratic governance principles for studying major sports events? An exploratory study of the stakeholders involved in the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Winter Games, 2014 Glasgow Commonwealth Games, and 2015 Toronto Pan American Games was undertaken using 55 interviews. Stakeholders’ perceptions of the principles were generally similar to definitions found in the governance literature (cf. Bevir, 2010, Callahan, 2007). However, this paper demonstrates that accountability, transparency and participation should be divided into internal and external aspects in order to better understand and enact the governance of sport events. As well, stakeholder participation was found to be a central principle, evolving over time and having to be planned and actively enacted to foster an emotional connection with the event. Thus, democratic governance principles can be used to examine the governance system (structures, processes) and stakeholder relationships found in major sport events, and highlight key areas of importance for event organizers and stakeholders in governing this complex environment. A model illustrating the interrelationships between the principles is offered. |
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| Keywords: | Governance Performance Accountability Transparency Stakeholder participation Major sports events |
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