Revealing the scientific comparative advantage of nations: Common and distinctive features |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory for Studies in Research Evaluation, Institute for System Analysis and Computer Science (IASI-CNR), National Research Council of Italy, Italy;2. Department of Engineering and Management, University of Rome “Tor Vergata” (Italy) & Laboratory for Studies in Research Evaluation, Institute for System Analysis and Computer Science (IASI-CNR), National Research Council of Italy, Italy;3. Laboratory for Studies in Research Evaluation, Institute for System Analysis and Computer Science (IASI-CNR), National Research Council of Italy, Italy;1. Department of Mathematics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA;2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, USA;3. Graduate Program in Data Science, New College of Florida, Sarasota, FL, USA;4. Department of Experimental Statistics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA;1. Science Policy and Strategy Department Administrative Headquarters of the Max Planck Society, Hofgartenstr. 8, 80539 Munich, Germany;2. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Department of Sociology, Konradstr. 6, 80801 Munich, Germany;1. Department of Physics, University of Thessaloniki, and Center of Complex Systems, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece;2. Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel;1. Department of Library and Information Science Education, College of Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Library and Information Science, Hannam University, Daejeon 34430, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Library and Information Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Library and Information Science, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, and IIT-CNR of Pisa, Italy;2. Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Siena, Italy;3. Université du Québec à Trois-Riviéres, Canada;4. Université du Québec à Montreal, Canada;1. School of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210093, China;2. School of Journalism and Communication, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410082, China |
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| Abstract: | The paper compares the scientific profiles of 199 countries relative to 254 subject categories, based on the impact of knowledge produced in each category, measured by the bibliometric indicator known as Total Fractional Impact (TFI). TFI is calculated on the basis of publications indexed in Web of Science (here over years 2010-2019). The approach taken overcomes some criticalities occurring with indicators previously proposed for the same purpose. With this approach, it is possible to: i) produce, for any country, a scientific specialization profile in correspondence with each subject category; ii) identify distinctive or common characteristics of individual countries or clusters of countries. The approach provides a new tool which may reveal useful for formulation of research policies. |
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