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A quantitative measure to compare the disciplinary profiles of research systems and their evolution over time |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;2. Department of Computer, Control and Management Engineering Antonio Ruberti, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Via Ariosto 25, 00185 Rome, Italy;3. Center for Life NanoScience@LaSapienza, IIT, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, Viale Regina Elena 295, Rome, Italy;1. CNRS (LAMSADE, UMR 7243) & Université Paris Dauphine, Place du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, F-75775 Paris Cedex 16, France;2. Ghent University, Department of Data Analysis, H. Dunantlaan, 1, B-9000 Gent, Belgium;1. School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Bloomington, 47405-1901, United States;2. École de bibliothéconomie et des sciences de l’information, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;3. School of Technology, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, United Kingdom |
| Abstract: | By modeling research systems as complex systems we generalize similarity measures used in the literature during the last two decades. We propose to use the mathematical tools developed within the spin-glasses literature to evaluate similarity within systems and between systems in a unified manner. Our measure is based on the ‘overlap’ of disciplinary profiles of a set of research systems and can readily be integrated in the framework of traditional bibliometric profile analysis. The investigation of the distribution of the overlaps provides useful insights on the dynamics of the general system, that is whether it converges toward a unique disciplinary structure or to a differentiated pattern.We illustrate the usefulness of the approach by investigating the dynamics of disciplinary profiles of European countries from 1996 to 2011. We analyze several bibliometric indicators (including publications and citations) of European countries in the 27 Scopus subject categories. We compare the disciplinary profiles of European countries (i) among them; (ii) with respect to the European standard; and (iii) to the World reference.We find that there is a convergence toward a unique European disciplinary profile of the scientific production even if large differences in the scientific profiles still remain. The investigation of the dynamics by year shows that developing countries are converging toward the European model while some developed countries are departing from it. |
| Keywords: | Diversity/similarity Disciplinary profiles Spin glasses Overlap Overlap distribution European science |
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