| 进化心理学中的教育理念及其启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 王华容,;谭顶良.进化心理学中的教育理念及其启示[J].南通师范学院学报,2014(5):107-112. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王华容 ;谭顶良 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]南京师范大学心理学院,江苏南京210097; [2]南通大学航海医学研究所,江苏南通226001 |
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省高校哲社项目（2012SJB190010）; 江苏省教育科学“十二五”规划项目（C-c/2013/01/007）; 江苏省2013年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目（CXZZ13_0368） |
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| 摘 要： | 进化心理学的诞生,特别是进化教育心理学与进化发展心理学的发展,为解释当前教育问题和教育现象提供了新的视角。进化理论把人类知识分为生物初级知识和生物次级知识,重新诠释了教育,特别是学校教育存在的必要性和价值;进化发展心理学对＂发展＂概念的独到诠释,给当前盛行的＂超前教育＂以警示;进化理念下对不同知识类型儿童学习方式的区分,启发教育工作者重新认识接受学习的价值;学习动机偏差理论解释了为什么大多数学生不喜欢学习,也启发教育者重新审视外部动机激发的意义;进化理念下的性别差异解释了当前教育领域中常见的性别学习偏好,也给教育教学提供了重要的启迪;进化心理学对几种儿童＂问题行为＂的全新阐释为今后教育提供了新的思路。
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| 关 键 词： | 进化教育心理学 进化发展心理学 知识类型 学习方式 学习动机 |
The Educational Ideals of Evolutionary Psychology and their Enlightenments |
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| Institution: | WANG Hua-rong,TAN Ding-liang (1.School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China; 2. Institute of Nautical Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China) |
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| Abstract: | Evolutionary psychology is a new research approach emerged in the late nineteen eighties. Moreover, the development of the evolutionary educational psychology and evolutionary developmental psychology provide a new angle of view to present educational issues and several phenomenons. According to the evolved theory, human knowledge and skills are distinguished as biologically primary folk knowledge and abilities, and biologically secondary knowledge and abilities.Children are innately curious about and motivated to actively engage and explore social relationships and the environment,biases that are directed toward information and activities associated with folk knowledge. However, the development of biologically secondary abilities does not appear to have these biological advantages. Meanwhile, the distinction between biologically primary domain and biologically secondary domain, suggests the educators to re recognize the value of ＂rote learning＂. In addition, children＇s motivation bias of learning of evolutionary educational psychology give an reasonable interpretation about why most of children don＇t like learning,especially school education, and they also imply the importance of stimulating children＇s external motivation. |
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| Keywords: | evolutionary educational psychology evolutionary developmental psychology type of knowledge learning style learning motivation |
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