| 我国学龄人口分龄平均受教育年数的计算及其应用研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张美丽,吴瑞君,孙雨蕾,陈俊杰,李鑫航.我国学龄人口分龄平均受教育年数的计算及其应用研究[J].全球教育展望,2021(1):56-73. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张美丽 吴瑞君 孙雨蕾 陈俊杰 李鑫航 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心暨社会发展学院;华东师范大学社会发展学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 学龄人口年龄结构的变化对整个学龄人口的平均受教育年数会产生重要的影响。以与学制和年龄相对应的"标准(或适龄)受教育年数"为基本参数,以受教育程度构成的年龄变化为依据考虑学龄段内的错龄上学,对学龄人口的分龄及整体平均受教育年数的探索性研究结果显示,我国学龄人口的分龄及整体平均受教育年数普遍提高,总体受教育程度高移化趋势显著;其性别差异明显缩小并已出现逆转性变化,城乡差距在小学学龄段以上有所拉大;按出生队列分的平均受教育年数增长显示教育事业加快发展成效。为此,学龄人口平均受教育年数的研究必须细化到每岁并充分考虑年龄结构的影响;我国学龄人口分龄平均受教育年数增长变化反映教育资源配置基本适应年龄结构变化,同时也使教育事业的高质量均衡发展面临新挑战。同时,要深入关注城镇化的城乡教育差别效应,逐步推行十二年制普及教育,促进学龄人口充分适龄就学。
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| 关 键 词： | 学龄人口 分年龄平均受教育年限 计算方法 |
Calculation Method of the Age-Specific Average Schooling Years of School-Age Population in China and Its Application |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Meili WU Ruijun SUN Yulei CHEN Junjie LI Xinhang |
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| Institution: | (China Modem Urban Research Center&School of Social Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China;School of Social Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062,China) |
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| Abstract: | Based on relevant data from the national census and 1%population sample survey conducted from 2000 to 2015,this paper attempts to present an in-depth study on the average schooling years of the school-age population by the age and the whole;in which the"standard(or age-appropriate)schooling years"corresponding to the length of schooling and the age are taken as basic parameters,and the different school ages are considered in light of age variation among students in the composition of education level.The results show:the average schooling years of the school-age population in China has generally increased,both by the age and on the whole,and there is a significant overall trend of higher education attainment of the population;gender difference has been narrowed and started to go into reverse;the gap between urban and rural areas has widened for the age groups beyond the primary school age;the increase in the average schooling years by the birth cohort indicates that efforts made in accelerating educational development are effective.The author points out that:for the study on the average schooling years of the school-age population,there should have discussions specific to each age with consideration given to the influence of the age structure;the growth of the age-specific average schooling age among China’s school-age population reflects that the allocation of education resources has adapted to changes in the age structure,while,bringing new challenges for high-quality and balanced educational development.It is also proposed in the paper that we should pay close attention to the differential effect of urbanization between urban and rural education,gradually carry out 12-year universal education,and help school-age people attend school at the proper age to the largest extent. |
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| Keywords: | school-age population age-specific average schooling years calculation method |
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