| 生态赤字下非再生资源对生态空间的替代作用 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢高地,鲁春霞,甄霖,成升魁.生态赤字下非再生资源对生态空间的替代作用[J].资源科学,2006,28(5):2-7. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢高地 鲁春霞 甄霖 成升魁 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金;中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过评估生态空间占用和生态承载力，发现我国的年人均生态赤字从1980年的0.275hm2增加到了2000年的0.548hm2,伴随着人口和经济的快速增长，我国的生态赤字区不断扩大，1980年，我国有19个省（市、自治区）处于生态赤字区，2000年生态赤字区扩大到了26个省（市、自治区）。说明我国已长时间处于大范围生态透支状态。这让人们对于我们未来生存与发展的自然基础感到担忧。生态赤字表征的是某个特定区域所有资源消耗所需要的生态空间面积与该区实际具有的生态空间面积之差，也就是说它是支持特定区域内一定人口在现有生活水平下生存的生态空间短缺。生态空间基于可再生性的生物生产面积，我们目前所消耗的自然资源中，有很大一部分属于像煤炭、石油、天然气等此类不可再生的自然资源。在生态赤字中化石能源消耗占了很大的比重，因此，如果将这部分不可再生的资源也考虑在内并折算为我们可消费的生态空间，那么我们实际拥有的生态承载力就会明显扩大，非再生的自然资源基础为我们提供了巨大的生态空间替代。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态空间替代 生态赤字 生态承载力 生态足迹 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588（2006）05-0002-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-04-25 |
| 修稿时间： | 6/1/2006 12:00:00 AM |
Substitution of Non Renewable Resources to Ecological Space under Ecological Deficit Conditions |
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| XIE Gao-di,LU Chun-xi,ZHEN Lin,CHENG Sheng-kui.Substitution of Non Renewable Resources to Ecological Space under Ecological Deficit Conditions[J].Resources Science,2006,28(5):2-7. |
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| Authors: | XIE Gao-di LU Chun-xi ZHEN Lin CHENG Sheng-kui |
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| Abstract: | The study indicates the ecological deficit increased from 0.275 hm^2/per capita in 1980 to 0.548 hm^2/per capita in 2000 through assessing the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of China over past two decades. Obviously, there is an increase trend of ecological deficit in China with the rapid population growth and economic development. In 1980, ecological deficit existed in 19 provinces/metropolis / autonomous regions and it expanded to 26 provinces in 2000. The change suggests that the lack of bioproductive area has occurred in China for a long time and the phenomena caused great concerns about survival and development of China in the future. In fact, the ecological deficit just implies the lack of ecological carrying capacity compared with the natural resources consumption within a given region. Ecological carrying capacity is based on the biologically productive area. At present most of the consumed resources are the nonrenewable resources such as coal, fossil oil and natural gas and a large proportion of ecological deficit came from the fossil energy consumption. So we can convert the fossil energy into the biologically productive area and then the ecological carrying capacity will grow largely and we can find that the nonrenewable natural resources offer the enough support for our survival and development in the future. This analysis maybe answers the question why China develops constantly under the ecological deficit. |
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| Keywords: | Alternative function Ecological deficit Ecological carrying capacity Ecological footprint |
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