| 论罗马共和国的制度建设 |
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| 引用本文： | 兰奇光.论罗马共和国的制度建设[J].湖南师范大学社会科学学报,2004,33(1):96-99. |
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| 作者姓名： | 兰奇光 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南师范大学,历史文化学院,湖南,长沙,410081 |
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| 摘 要： | 在人类历史发展的过程中,罗马是最早尝试建立宪政的国家。在推翻王政统治后,罗马人创造了一种全新的共和政体形式来治理自己的国家,并进行了长达5个世纪的历史实践。罗马宪政制度的核心是权力的平衡。它主要体现为三大要素：以执政官为核心的行政长官制度,以政界精英为基础的元老院制度以及以全体公民为主体的公民大会制度。这三大权力体系虽然没有形成近代意义上的“三权鼎立”局面,但却在一定程度上实现了权力之间的相互平衡。本着对权力进行制衡的精神,在建立行政长官制度的过程中,罗马确立了最高长官的选举制、短任期制和同僚协议制,从而奠定了共和国官制的三大原则基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 罗马共和国 执政官 元老院 公民大会 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-2529(2004)01-0096-04 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年9月2日 |
On the Construction of Systems in the Roman Republic |
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| LAN Qi-guang.On the Construction of Systems in the Roman Republic[J].Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University,2004,33(1):96-99. |
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| Authors: | LAN Qi-guang |
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| Abstract: | In the course of human history, Rome is the first country to set up a constitutional government. After overthrowing the monarchy, the Romans created a new republican government, and practiced such a rule for as long as five centuries. The center of the Roman constitutional government was the balance of power, which was embodied in the following systems: the system of executive officials headed by the executive officer; the system of the Senate based on the political elites and the system of the Citizens' Conference which all of the citizens played the principal part. Though these three systems did not develop into the modern "separation of the three powers", they, to some extent, put into practice the balance of power. Rome established the election system of the highest officer, the short-term office tenure and the coordination of fellow officials, which laid the foundation of the three principles of the republican government. |
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| Keywords: | the Roman Republic executive officer the Senate the Citizens' Conference |
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