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| 基于量-质-域-流的京津冀水资源承载力综合评价 | |
| 引用本文： | 余灏哲,李丽娟,李九一.基于量-质-域-流的京津冀水资源承载力综合评价[J].资源科学,2020,42(2):358-371. |
| 作者姓名： | 余灏哲 李丽娟 李九一 |
| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京 100101 中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院,北京 100049 |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401307);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401402-04) |
| 摘 要： | 京津冀地区人均水资源占有量低,用水压力大,水资源问题突出,因此亟需对该地区进行水资源承载力综合评价研究,以期为水资源综合规划与高效利用、区域可持续发展等提供一定的理论基础与实践经验。为此,首先对京津冀水资源利用情况进行分析,提出了京津冀水资源所面临的问题,以问题为导向;其次对水资源承载系统进行解析,构建基于量-质-域-流内涵的京津冀水资源承载力综合评价指标体系;最后利用AHP、熵权法对评价指标进行主客观组合赋权,借助TOPSIS评价模型对水资源承载力进行综合得分计算。结果表明：①京津冀地区水资源总量匮乏,水资源过度开发利用,地下水持续超采等已经导致该地区水生态功能退化,形成了集中连片的地下水漏斗区等;②通过对研究区水资源承载力评价计算,2006—2016年京津冀水资源承载力综合评价得分总体上呈现波动式增长态势,表明水资源承载力有所增强,但整体分值不高,水资源压力形势依然严峻。基于此,京津冀亟需构建区域、流域水资源联动机制,以京津冀协同发展为契机,针对不同地区的发展基础与城市定位,遵循“以水量城”的城镇化政策和“以水定产”的产业政策,深入贯彻最严格的水资源管理条例,实现整个区域水资源承载力的提升。 |
| 关 键 词： | 水资源承载系统 水资源承载力 量-质-域-流 综合评价 京津冀 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-07-10 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019-12-05 |
Evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region based on quantity-quality-water bodies-flow |
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| YU Haozhe,LI Lijuan,LI Jiuyi.Evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region based on quantity-quality-water bodies-flow[J].Resources Science,2020,42(2):358-371. | |
| Authors: | YU Haozhe LI Lijuan LI Jiuyi |
| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
| Abstract: | The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region has low per capita water resources, high water use pressure, and prominent water resources problems. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in this area in order to provide some theoretical basis and practical experience for the comprehensive planning and efficient utilization of water resources, regional sustainable development, and so on. This study first analyzed the background of water resources utilization in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and the water resources problems faced by the region; second, based on the analysis of water resources system, a comprehensive evaluation index system of water resources carrying capacity in the region based on quantity-quality-water bodies-flow was established; finally, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight methods were used to combine subjective and objective weights of evaluation indices, and the TOPSIS evaluation model was used to calculate the comprehensive score of water resources carrying capacity. The results show that: (1) The overall lack of water resources, the over-exploitation and utilization of water resources, and the continuous overexploitation of groundwater in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region have resulted in the loss of water ecological functions and the formation of concentrated and connected groundwater funnel areas; (2) The comprehensive evaluation scores of water resources carrying capacity in 2006-2016 show a fluctuating growth trend, indicating that the carrying capacity of water resources has been strengthened, but the total score is generally low and the pressure on water resources is grim. Based on this situation, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region urgently needs to build regional and watershed water resources linkage mechanisms, and take the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei collaborative development policy as an opportunity. According to the conditions and position in the regional development plan of different cities, urban development and industrial production should consider water resources endowments, implement the most stringent regulations on water resources management, and finally achieve the improvement of regional water resources carrying capacity. |
| Keywords: | water resources system water resources carrying capacity quantity-quality-water bodies-flow comprehensive evaluation Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region |
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