| 我国城市马拉松赛事人身伤亡事故的民事责任研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐峰.我国城市马拉松赛事人身伤亡事故的民事责任研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2020(1):103-110. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海事大学法学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市体育社会科学研究课题(项目编号:TYSKYJ201914)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 在全民健身的热潮中,“马拉松”这一极限运动逐步从专业群体走向普罗大众,我国各类城市马拉松赛事蓬勃开展。反思这股“马拉松热潮”背后所隐藏的民事法律问题,尤其在比赛中受伤与猝死现象逐步增加的背景下,赛事组委会应承担相应的民事法律责任。首先,分析人身伤亡事故的风险来源与法律适用困境,厘清各参与主体之间的法律关系。其次,对人身伤亡民事责任的构成作出具体分析,从赛事组委会合同责任与侵权责任的角度出发,分别解读其归责原则与免责事由。再次,解析人身伤亡民事赔偿,比较我国与美国赔偿机制的差异。最后,提出人身安全保障路径:完善救济途径,实现保险赔偿、组委会补偿与民间基金赔付互补;加强法制监管,完善赛事行政管理规定;尽到告知义务,做好赛事宣传工作。组委会应在提高赛事数量的同时,提升赛事品质;在承担民事义务与责任的同时,履行其社会责任。
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| 关 键 词： | 马拉松赛事 人身伤亡 民事责任 归责原则 免责事由 保障路径 |
Civil Liability of Personal Casualties of Urban Marathon Events in China |
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| XU Feng.Civil Liability of Personal Casualties of Urban Marathon Events in China[J].Journal of Tianjin Institute of Physical Education,2020(1):103-110. |
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| Authors: | XU Feng |
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| Institution: | (School of Law,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China) |
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| Abstract: | With the boom of public fitness,the participating group of“marathon”,the extreme sport,has gradually moved from the professional group to the gen eral public,and all kinds of urban marathon events in China have been vigorously developed.Reflecting on the civil legal issues behind the"marathon craze",especially in the context of the increasing injuries and sudden death in the competition,the organizing committee should bear civil legal liability.Firstly,we ana lysed the risk sources and legal application difficulties of personal casualties,and clarified the legal relationship among the participants.Secondly,it made a concrete analysis of the constitution of civil liability for personal casualties.From the perspective of contract and tort liabilities of the organizing committee,the principles of liability and exemption are interpreted respectively.Thirdly,we analysed the civil compensation for personal casualties,and compares the differ ence of compensation mechanism between China and the United States.Finally,the essay puts forward the ways to guarantee the personal safety:perfecting the remedy approach,realizing the complementation of insurance compensation,organizing committee indemnity and non-governmental fund remedy;strengthening the legal supervision,perfecting the regulations of competition administration;fulfilling the duty of disclosure and making the good publicity.The organizing committee shall increase the number of marathon events,as well as improve the quality of the events,and take its social responsibilities while assuming civil obli gations and responsibilities. |
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| Keywords: | marathon event casualties civil liability principle of liability exemption guarantee path |
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