| 会聚科学优先领域遴选方法探析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王雪,张涵.会聚科学优先领域遴选方法探析[J].科学学研究,2020,38(11):1928-1936. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王雪 张涵 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院发展规划局、中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院、中国科学院大学
2. 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 |
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| 摘 要： | 会聚科学是学科交叉的横向拓展和纵向深化，致力于解决传统单一学科或学科交叉不能解决的经济社会重大问题。会聚科学优先领域遴选，有益于在科技资源有限的前提下，识别出优先支持的领域方向、重大任务或相关行动，优化资源配置，提高使用效率。本研究在综合比较优先领域遴选方法的基础上，分析会聚科学优先领域遴选存在的问题，以及已有遴选方法应用于会聚科学领域的局限性，分析会聚科学领域的基本特征、主要模式和会聚科学优先领域遴选的特点，明确问题界定，建立目标函数，确定由政府资助、互惠边界、信息情报和会聚科学构成的边界条件，在此基础上，构建特征约束、目标约束、资源约束和能力约束集合，形成会聚科学领域优先遴选模型，以期对科技决策部门识别和遴选优先支持的会聚科学领域有所助益。
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| 关 键 词： | 会聚科学 学科交叉 优先领域遴选 资源配置 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-01-13 |
Research on Convergent Science and Priority Setting |
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| Abstract: | Convergent science is the horizontal expansion and deepening of interdisciplinarity, committed to solving the major economic and social problems, which cannot be solved by traditional single discipline or interdisciplinary. On the premise of limited scientific and technological resources, the priority setting for science and technology identifies the fields and directions, major tasks or related actions that will be given priority support to in the strategic layout in the future. The priority setting of convergent science is helpful to optimize resource allocation and improve efficiency. On the basis of comprehensive comparison of methods of priority setting, we analyze the problems of priority setting of convergent science. In this paper, we analyze the limitations of the existing priority setting methods in the field of convergent science, and put forward the basic characteristics, main models and characteristics of the priority setting of convergent science. We clarify the problem definition, propose an objective function, and build a set of feature constraints, target constraints, resource constraints, and capability constraints under the boundary conditions of government funding, reciprocity boundaries, information intelligence, and convergence science, to form a method of priority setting in the convergence science. We hope that it will be helpful for science and technology decision-making departments to identify and select the fields in convergence science to give priority support. |
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