| Abstract: | Investigated were the effects of several variables on the expression of unwarranted confidence in the accuracy of responses to objective test items. A final examination was administered to 72 subjects under confidence-weighting instructions with two levels of penalty for incorrect responses. A 2-way ANOVA revealed no significant main effects or interaction attributable to level of penalty or sex. Although increased penalty level had no effect on confidence-expression, the test's reliability decreased from .85 to .39, and the correlation between conventional and weighted scores dropped from .88 to .095. |
