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Double-frequency Aharonov-Bohm effect and non-Abelian braiding properties of Jackiw-Rebbi zero-mode
Authors:Yijia Wu  Haiwen Liu  Jie Liu  Hua Jiang  X C Xie
Abstract:Ever since its first proposal in 1976, Jackiw-Rebbi zero-mode has been drawing extensive attention for its charming properties including charge fractionalization, topologically protected zero-energy and possible non-Abelian statistics. We investigate these properties through the Jackiw-Rebbi zero-modes in quantum spin Hall insulators. Though charge fractionalization is not manifested, Jackiw-Rebbi zero-mode''s zero-energy nature leads to a double-frequency Aharonov-Bohm effect, implying that it can be viewed as a special case of Majorana zero-mode without particle-hole symmetry. Such relation is strengthened for Jackiw-Rebbi zero-modes also exhibiting non-Abelian properties in the absence of superconductivity. Furthermore, in the condition that the degeneracy of Jackiw-Rebbi zero-modes is lifted, we demonstrate a novel non-Abelian braiding with continuously tunable fusion rule, which is a generalization of Majorana zero-modes’ braiding properties.
Keywords:Jackiw-Rebbi zero-mode  Aharanov-Bohm effect  non-Abelian statistics  Majorana zero-mode
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