| 人皆可以为尧舜——评孟子理想人格思想的现实性特点 |
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| 引用本文： | 张奇伟,高书文.人皆可以为尧舜——评孟子理想人格思想的现实性特点[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2007(3):105-110. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张奇伟 高书文 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学,哲学与社会学学院,北京,100875;北京师范大学,哲学与社会学学院,北京,100875 |
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| 摘 要： | 在孟子思想中,追求完善的理想人格占据了极其重要的地位,而其“人皆可以为尧舜”的思想正是这一追求的生动体现,具有很强的现实性特点。主要体现在:1.孟子对理想人格的设定方面。在孔子的思想中,圣人这一最高层次的理想人格是一个憧憬之中,可望而不可及的彼岸世界,具有超验的性质。孟子则认为“圣人”这一理想境界并非可望不可及,圣人不过“与我同类”而已,具有现实性的特点。2.成就理想人格的途径方面。在孟子看来,人性本善,理想人格是通过人人心中所固有的善性的展开而实现的,是自我向善的潜能的实现,肯定了主体的存在价值及现实人生的意义。3.与现实社会生活的联系方面。孟子以积极的入世情怀,追求社会生活的完善,以建立理想的社会秩序为己任,把追求理想人格与追求社会的完善紧密联系在一起。
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| 关 键 词： | 孟子 理想人格 现实性 尧舜 |
| 文章编号： | 1002-0209（2007）03-0105-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-09-30 |
Everyone Can Be Yao or Shun: Realistic Traits in Mencius' Understanding of Ideal Character |
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| ZHANG Qi-wei,GAO Shu-wen.Everyone Can Be Yao or Shun: Realistic Traits in Mencius' Understanding of Ideal Character[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Science Edition),2007(3):105-110. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Qi-wei GAO Shu-wen |
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| Institution: | School of Philosophy and Sociology, BNU, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | To pursue perfect ideal character is pervasive in Mencius' life.He advocates that "everyone can be Yao or Shun",the two sages in the early Chinese history.His understanding of ideal character has a strong realistic nature.First of all,ideal characteristic lies in the standard for ideal character.To Confucius,a sage was within sight but beyond reach.But Mencius is different from Confucius in that a sage is not far from the mass.Secondly,human nature is kind,and the ideal character is realized through the born kindness in everybody.The potential of self-orientation of kindness emphasizes the being value and the significance of realistic life.The third aspect is that Mencius has an active attitude towards life.He seeks to perfect social life so as to take constructing an ideal social order as his responsibility.That is,seeking ideal character and perfecting society are unified as a whole. |
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| Keywords: | Mencius ideal character practicality ancient sages Yao and Shun |
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