| 古希腊城邦时代裸体竞技的文化意蕴与钩沉启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 王海燕,王润斌.古希腊城邦时代裸体竞技的文化意蕴与钩沉启示[J].武汉体育学院学报,2022,56(12):66-77. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王海燕 王润斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 福建师范大学 体育科学学院,福建 福州 350117 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金项目(19BTY032) |
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| 摘 要： | 裸体竞技是古希腊城邦时代的文化特色,是古希腊人区别于异域蛮人、彰显身份认同的关键所在。研究运用文献资料法,从原典史料出发,基于身体哲学视角,对希腊城邦时代的裸体竞技进行了文化解构。研究认为,裸体竞技的兴起及衰落与当时的社会文化环境密不可分。裸体竞技的文化建构表现在:运动场馆作为古希腊城邦独特的公共空间,萌育与形塑了希腊人的体育传统;宗教、政治、军事作为古希腊社会的权力载体,建构与塑造了希腊人的身体行为;健康、美等作为城邦内自然个体的向往追求,推动与促发了希腊人的主体觉醒;邦外排斥与邦内歧视作为竞赛参与的隔离方式,催生与造就了裸体竞技的排外属性。同时,古希腊城邦时代的裸体竞技存在社会驯化与本体弱化,观念超前与范围自限,公民民主与外部隔离,参与平等与内部歧视等诸多时代局限。结合裸体竞技的局限性与特定社会现实,得出了身体观念的内化是体育永恒的主题,平等理念的深化与参赛歧视的规制,审美观念的异化与个体体态的表现,文化情境的固化与个体竞赛的参与,运动项目的文化与竞赛项目的选取等启示。
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| 关 键 词： | 体育史 古希腊 城邦时代 裸体竞技 身体哲学 文化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-05-21 |
Cultural Connotation and Enlightenment of Naked Competition in Ancient Greek City-States |
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| WANG Haiyan,WANG Runbin.Cultural Connotation and Enlightenment of Naked Competition in Ancient Greek City-States[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education,2022,56(12):66-77. |
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| Authors: | WANG Haiyan WANG Runbin |
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| Institution: | School of P.E. and Sport Science, Fujian Normal Univ., Fuzhou 350117, China |
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| Abstract: | Naked competition was the cultural feature of the ancient Greek City-State Era, which was the key to distinguish the ancient Greeks from the barbarians and to show their identity. Through literature review, starting from the original historical materials and based on the perspective of body philosophy, this paper made a cultural deconstruction of naked competitions in the Greek City-State Era. Research showed that the rise and decline of naked competitions was closely related to the social and cultural environment at that time. The cultural construction of naked competition showed that the gymnasium, as the unique public space of the ancient Greek City-State, nurtured and shaped the sports tradition of the Greek people. Religion, politics and military, as the power carriers of the ancient Greek society, constructed and shaped the physical behavior of the Greek people. The pursuit of health and beauty as natural individuals in the city-state promoted and promoted the subject awakening of the Greeks. Exclusion from outside the state and discrimination within the state as the way of competition participation brought forth the birth and creation of the naked competition exclusive nature. However, the nude competitions had many limitations, such as social domestication and noumenon weakening, advanced concept and self-limiting scope, civil democracy and external isolation, equal participation and internal discrimination. It could be concluded that the internalization of body was the eternal theme in sports, the past could serve for the present as seen in the concept of equality to get rid of entry discrimination, the alienation of the aesthetic concept and the individual body, the stereotype of the cultural situation and the participation of individuals, the selection of the sports events and the culture etc. |
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| Keywords: | sports history ancient Greece polis age naked competition body philosophy culture |
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