| 中国铜资源开发利用中的物质投入 |
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| 引用本文： | 丁一,王青,顾晓薇.中国铜资源开发利用中的物质投入[J].资源科学,2005,27(5):27-32. |
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| 作者姓名： | 丁一 王青 顾晓薇 |
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| 作者单位： | 东北大学资源与生态经济研究中心,沈阳,110004 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部优秀青年教师资助计划 |
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| 摘 要： | 生产物品和提供服务都需要物质投入,所有的投入物质或迟或早都会变成排出物质(废弃物或排放物)返回到环境之中.因此,通过测量物品(服务)的物质投入量就能估计其潜在的环境冲击.同时,测量生产过程中各个阶段的物质投入能够帮助生产者认清资源消耗的分布状况,锁定重点部位,为改进生产方式和工艺流程,提高资源利用率提供决策支持.铜是工业生产中的重要原材料,铜的生产在提供了铜资源的同时,也消耗和搬动了大量的物质,产生环境压力.本研究以中国粗铜生产为研究对象,量化了我国铜生产的物质投入和生态包袱,并对其国际实物贸易环境负担转嫁进行了计算分析.
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| 关 键 词： | 铜矿资源 物质投入 生态包袱 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588（2005）05-0027-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-04-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-07-08 |
Material Inputs of Copper Exploitation in China |
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| DING Yi,WANG Qing,GU Xiao wei.Material Inputs of Copper Exploitation in China[J].Resources Science,2005,27(5):27-32. |
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| Authors: | DING Yi WANG Qing GU Xiao wei |
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| Abstract: | As resources become more and more scarce. Individuals, enterprises and states should all consider how to improve resources efficiency and to reduce resources consumption, so as to reduce environmental impacts from production and consumption. Producing products and providing services all need material input. Sooner or later, all the input materials become output (as waste or emission) flowing back into the environment. So by measuring the input, one can arrive at an estimation of the potential environmental impact. Meanwhile, measuring material input of production processes can help producers see clearly the distribution of resources consumed and identify the key processes. This information provides useful support to decision-making aiming at increasing resources efficiency through changes in the mode and processes of production. Most industrial products contain metal and nonmetal minerals. Therefore, investigating material input of minerals is of great significance. While copper is widely used as a raw material in industrial production, the production of copper itself consumes and moves a large quantity of materials, inducing pressure on the environment. In this study, material inputs and ecological rucksacks of crude copper of China and environment burden shifting of international trade of crude copper were calculated and analyzed. The results of this study have a practical value for constructing the material flow accounts of the Chinese Economy and further calculation on the indirect flow of copper-based products produced in China. The material inputs and their analyses as presented in this paper provide a quantitative indicator and method for estimating the environmental impact of copper production. The results from this kind of study can also help people realize that every unit of product consumed carries a heavy, but directly invisible rucksack, and thus enhance the environmental consciousness of the entire society. |
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| Keywords: | MIPS |
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