| 单纤维对训练的适应 |
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| 引用本文： | FRANCAUX Marc,MALISOUX Laurent,THEISEN Daniel.单纤维对训练的适应[J].首都体育学院学报,2007,19(6):1-9. |
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| 作者姓名： | FRANCAUX Marc MALISOUX Laurent THEISEN Daniel |
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| 作者单位： | 比利时UCL大学,再适应体育学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 随着特殊的训练计划被教练员们采用以促进运动员的肌肉适应能力,肌肉训练也成为渐进式康复的重要组成部分,它能阻止与丧失运动能力、老化、疾病或微重力相关的萎缩效应。为了优化不同类型的干扰措施,需要更好地理解运动训练产生的反应,以及识别决定肌肉功能的各种机制。虽然整体肌肉活动在某种程度上是通过适应运动神经元爆发、运动单元补充模式或者肌肉量来进行的,本研究着重探讨肌肉纤维类型的表达以及训练后收缩肌的功能性适应能力。单一无皮纤维被证明是常用的实验模型,用于研究与肌浆球蛋白重链对碘氧基苯甲醚相关的试管内收缩特性。人体纤维主要的功能和生化特性在过去二十年中已经被详细研究了,但近来,无皮纤维模式正被用于研究不同类型的诱发训练后单纤维的功能适应性。本文的目的是概述收缩肌对于特定运动训练计划的反应,以及帮助形成适用于运动科学和康复的训练计划。
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| 关 键 词： | 无皮纤维 机械特征 减少速率 Ca2 敏感 电泳现象 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007年9月17日 |
Functional and structural plasticity of single human muscle fibers |
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| FRANCAUX Marc,MALISOUX Laurent,THEISEN Daniel.Functional and structural plasticity of single human muscle fibers[J].Journal of Capital College of Physical Education,2007,19(6):1-9. |
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| Authors: | FRANCAUX Marc MALISOUX Laurent THEISEN Daniel |
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| Abstract: | While specific training programs are used by trainers to induce particular muscle adaptations in athletes,muscle training is also an important component of progressive rehabilitation to limit the atrophic effect associated with immobilization,ageing,disease or microgravity.To optimize these different types of intervention,a good understanding of the response to exercise training and the identification of the mechanisms that determine muscle function are required.While whole muscle performance can be partly determined by adaptations in the firing rate of motorneurons,the pattern of motor unit recruitments or muscle size,the present review will focus specifically on muscle fiber type expression and the functional adaptations of the contractile apparatus following training.Single skinned fibers have been shown to be a consistent experimental model to be used for the study of contractile characteristics in vitro,associated with determinations of myosin heavy chain isoform expression.The main functional and biochemical properties of human fibers have been studied in detail over the last two decades,but more recently,the skinned fiber model has been used to investigate the single fiber functional adaptations following different types of solicitations.The aim of this article is to summarize the responses of the contractile apparatus to specific exercise training programs and to formulate training recommendations applicable to sport sciences and rehabilitation. |
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| Keywords: | Skinned fibers Mechanical properties shortening velocity Ca2 sensitivity Electrophoresis |
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