| 我国竞技体操面临的现实困境与突破路径探析 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘智丽,刘青.我国竞技体操面临的现实困境与突破路径探析[J].南京体育学院学报(社会科学版),2016(2):98-102. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘智丽 刘青 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 成都体育学院 体育系,四川 成都,610041;2. 成都体育学院 运动系,四川 成都,610041 |
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| 摘 要： | 竞技体操为我国体育事业的发展和奥运争光计划做出了重大贡献。随着社会的快速转型，计划经济体制下的竞技体操发展模式已越来越凸显其局限性。当前我国竞技体操遭遇亚欧美强烈冲击，单项决赛项次与夺金点锐减。现阶段我国竞技体操面临的主要现实困境有：(1)后备人才持续短缺，基层行政体制变革打破传统人才输送机制，加剧了体操人才的缺失；(2)竞技体操与大众体操发展失衡，学校体操凋零，社会体操停滞，项目失去了赖以生存和发展的重要根基；(3)市场开发滞后，项目市场化推进困难，制约了项目的大众化与多样化发展。我国竞技体操的发展应在社会化、大众化、市场化方向寻求突破路径：(1)引导社会力量参与竞技体操后备人才培养，建立以学校体操为基础，以业余体校和俱乐部为依托的后备人才培养体系；(2)激活基层体操发展活力，创建以普及推广取代奥运夺金为目标的项目发展模式；(3)挖掘市场发展潜力，开发培育以健身娱乐和竞赛表演为重要着力点的体操市场。
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| 关 键 词： | 竞技体操 发展困境 体操社会化 体操大众化 体操市场化 |
Chinese Artistic Gymnastics:Difficulties and Breakthroughs |
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| Abstract: | Artistic Gymnastics has made significant contributions to the development of competitive sports and the Olympic Glory Program in China. With the rapid transformation of society,the limitations of the development mode under the planned economic system have become increasingly obvious. Currently,Chinese Artistic Gymnastics faces challenges from Asia,Europe and the U. S. ,which has drastically reduced the number of events where China may enter the final and win gold. Chinese Ar-tistic Gymnastics now confronts the following adversities. 1)There is a shortage of reserve personnel,which is exacerbated by the reformed basic administrative system which disables the traditional mechanism of talent cultivation. 2)Unbalanced devel-opment between Artistic Gymnastics and Mass Gymnastics,decline of school gymnastics,and stagnation of social gymnastics lead to the loss of the important foundation for the survival and development of the sport. 3)Lagged market development and difficulty in marketization restrict its popularization and diversification. The article suggests that the development of Artistic Gymnastics should seek breakthroughs in terms of socialization,massification and marketization. 1)Society should be guided to participate in reserve personnel training,and the training system which is based on school gymnastics and supported by amateur schools and clubs established. 2)The vitality of grassroots gymnastics needs to be activated,and a community-orien-ted development pattern substituted for the Olympic gold-oriented one. 3)The potential of the market should be tapped,and a fitness-oriented and performance-oriented market fostered. |
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| Keywords: | Artistic Gymnastics difficulty in development socialization massification marketization |
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