| 主观体验、承诺与锻炼坚持性：一个双性化与未分化的个案 |
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| 引用本文： | 朱乐青,董宝林.主观体验、承诺与锻炼坚持性：一个双性化与未分化的个案[J].南京体育学院学报(社会科学版),2016(4):82-90. |
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| 作者姓名： | 朱乐青 董宝林 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海杉达学院 体育教研室,上海,201209 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学一般项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 以双性化、未分化性别角色大学生为个案，考察主观锻炼体验、锻炼承诺对锻炼坚持性的影响。利用中国大学生性别角色量表( CSRI-50)，在954名有效被试中甄别出346名双性化、358名未分化被试，采用修订版主观锻炼体验量表、锻炼承诺分量表、锻炼坚持性量表进行调查。结果显示：①大学生虽具中高程度的积极幸福感和锻炼承诺、低度的心理困扰和疲劳感，但其锻炼坚持性却不甚理想；主观锻炼体验、锻炼承诺和锻炼坚持性在性别角色类型上存在差异，其中，双性化者的积极幸福感、锻炼承诺和锻炼坚持性显著高于未分化者，并且，疲劳感在观察上低于未分化者；而未分化者的心理困扰显著高于双性化者。②除疲劳感外，积极幸福感对锻炼坚持性正向影响、心理困扰对锻炼坚持性负向影响皆显著；锻炼承诺对锻炼坚持性的正向影响显著；在积极幸福感或心理困扰影响锻炼坚持性时，锻炼承诺具备部分中介效应；在积极幸福感或锻炼承诺影响锻炼坚持性时，以双性化、未分化为个案的性别角色类型具备调节效应。结论：转变传统性别角色观念，丰富正性的锻炼体验，激发认知决策能力，可能是促进大学生锻炼坚持性的一个有效策略。研究为培养大学生终身体育健康理念提供重要实践启示。
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| 关 键 词： | 大学生 主观锻炼体验 锻炼承诺 锻炼坚持性 性别角色 双性化 未分化 |
Subjective Experience,Commitment and Exercise Adherence of Undergraduates:A Case Study of Androgyny and Undifferentiation |
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| Abstract: | This paper is case study of androgyny and undifferentiation of undergraduates,and the aim is to investigate the influence of subjective experience and commitment on exercise adherence,and the moderating effects of gender role types. The College Students’ Sex-Role Inventory(CSRI-50)was used in selecting,out of 954 effective subjects,346 androgyny subjects and 358 undifferentiation subjects ( Aged=20. 37 ± 2. 118;Male=326 female=378 ) , and Mcauley’s Subjective Exercise Experience Scale( SEES) ,Exercise Commitment Sub-scales,and Exercise Adherence Inventory were also used. Results indicate that although the undergraduates had a high degree of positive well-being and commitment and,moreover, a low degree of psychology distress and fatigue,their exercise adherence was not ideal. Subjective experience,commitment and exercise adherence were different with the gender roles,androgyny subjects showing a significantly higher positive well-being,commitment and exercise adherence, less fatigue and significantly lower psychology distress than undifferentiation subjects. Regression analysis showed that in addition to fatigue(p>. 05),the positive influence of positive well-being on exercise adherence,and the negative influence of psychology distress on exercise adherence were both significant. Exercise commitment had a significant positive effect on exercise adherence,and a partial mediating effect when positive well-being or psychology distress affected exercise persistence. The gender role type,in the case of androgyny and undifferentiation, had a moderating effect when positive well-being or commitment affected exercise persistence. Conclusion:changing the tra-ditional concept of gender roles, increasing positive exercise experience, and developing the ability of cognitive decision making might be an effective strategy for promoting the exercise adherence of undergraduates. This study may provide some practical inspiration for cultivating the health concept of lifelong physical activity among undergraduates. |
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| Keywords: | undergraduates subjective exercise experience exercise commitment exercise adherence gender-role androg-yny undifferentiation |
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