| 太原地区冬春季PM2.5污染特征及影响因素 |
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| 作者姓名： | 孟昭阳 张怀德 蒋晓明 颜鹏 王雁 林伟立 周春红刘洪利 闫世明 梁丽明 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国气象科学研究院 中国气象局大气成分观测与服务中心 大气化学开放实验室，北京 100081；
2.山西省气象科学研究所，太原 030002；
3. 防化指挥工程学院， 北京 102205；
4.太原市环境保护局, 太原 030002 ; |
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| 摘 要： | 采用美国R&P公司生产的TEOM系列1400A大气粒子（PM2.5）监测仪于2005年12月17日至2006年3月28日对太原地区PM2.5质量浓度进行在线观测。对观测期间2417个PM2.5小时平均浓度观测数据进行分析，得到小时平均浓度的平均值是247.6µg/m3(193.7 µg/m3)。在50-100µg/m3之间的PM2.5浓度出现的频率最高，PM2.5小时平均浓度小于400 µg/m3的频率为84.1%。PM2.5浓度日变化为双峰双谷型。太原市区PM2.5浓度与风速、能见度和气压呈负相关，与相对湿度呈正相关。通过3d 后向轨迹分析了影响太原地区气团的主要传输路径，结果表明，100 m高度上空的后向轨迹可划分为7种基本类型，其中第3类轨迹对应的PM2.5浓度值为342.6 µg/m3，明显高于其它类型。这类轨迹主要是来自太原的西南方向；而来自东边方向的第1类轨迹对应的PM2.5浓度为261.1 µg/m3，也比来自西北方向的2、4类轨迹PM2.5浓度高。观测结果表明在沙尘暴影响严重的日期，太原地区PM2.5浓度会极大地增加，从而对大气环境形成严重的污染。
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| 关 键 词： | PM2.5 质量浓度 气象条件 后向轨迹 |
The characteristics of PM2.5 and its influencing factors during winter and spring in Taiyuan |
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| Authors: | MENG Zhao-Yang ZHANG Huai-De JIANG Xiao-Ming YAN Peng WANG Yan LIN Wei-Li ZHOU Chun-Hong LIU Hong-Li YAN Shi-Ming LIANG Li-Ming |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Center for Atmospheric Watch and Services of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081;
2. Shanxi Meteorological Sciences Institute, Taiyuan 030002;
3. Chemical Defense Institute, Beijing 102205;
4. Taiyuan Enviromentprotection Bureau, Taiyuan 030002 ; |
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| Abstract: | Continuous observation of PM2.5 was conducted in Taiyuan during high pollution seasons from 17 December 2005 to 28 March 2006. PM2.5 samples were collected using TEOM series 1400a ambient particulate monitor (Rupprecht & Patashnick Co., Inc, USA). The study showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 were high during winter and spring in Taiyuan. The average hourly mass concentration of PM2.5 was 247.6±193.7g/m3, which showed fine particles pollution was serious in Taiyuan. The frequency of hourly averages PM2.5 concentrations less than 400 g/m3 is 84.1%. The PM2.5 concentration has an obvious diurnal variation. The meteorological conditions have significant effects on the ambient concentrations of PM2.5. The wind speed, relative humidity, visibility and atmospheric pressure were major factors that influence the concentration variation of PM2.5. The 3 day air mass backward trajectories were calculated and clustered to analyze transport pathways of the air pollution in Taiyuan. The 3rd cluster trajectory, which moving paths was from the southwest of Taiyuan, had higher average PM2.5 concentration （342.6 g/m3）than other clusters (e.g. 261.1 g/m3 from east, 225.6 g/m3 from northwest). The concentrations of PM2.5 on sandstorm weather are analyzed. |
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| Keywords: | PM2 5 mass concentration meteorological conditions backward trajectories |
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