| 坦桑尼亚县域与城乡交通通达水平空间格局特征 |
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| 作者姓名： | 张家旗 陈爽 高群 ISMAEL A. Kimirei |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 流域地理学重点实验室/中国科学院中-非联合研究中心, 南京 210008;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 坦桑尼亚渔业研究所基戈马分中心, 基戈马 邮政信箱90 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院海外科教基地建设计划项目（SAJC201609）和江苏省政策引导类计划（国际科技合作）项目（BZ2018057）资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 坦桑尼亚是"一带一路"倡议通向非洲、辐射非洲内陆的重要门户，它在快速城市化过程中面临交通基础设施严重短缺问题。基于坦桑尼亚公路、铁路、机场、港口、人口和城市分布数据，运用GIS空间分析技术，结合交通通达指数模型，从县域与城乡两个层面对坦桑尼亚交通通达水平的空间格局特征进行定量分析。研究发现：1）坦桑尼亚县域交通通达水平空间分布极不均衡，高值连片区主要位于东北沿海和维多利亚湖沿岸，低值连片区主要位于中央铁路线中段以北、中央铁路线南部的广大地区；2）受地理区位、资源禀赋、殖民历史、政府政策等影响，城市与乡村地区之间的交通通达水平差异十分显著。研究结果有助于坦桑尼亚制定区域交通发展政策和优化资源配置，同时对中-坦产业精准对接和产能转移具有一定的促进意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 交通通达指数 空间格局 坦桑尼亚 &ldquo 一带一路&rdquo 倡议 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-03-29 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018-06-21 |
Spatial pattern characteristics of traffic accessibility of districts and urban and rural areas in Tanzania |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Jiaqi CHEN Shuang GAO Qun ISMAEL A Kimirei |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Kigoma Centre, Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute, Kigoma P. O. Box 90, Tanzania |
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| Abstract: | Tanzania is an important gateway of "the Belt and Road Initiative" into Africa and the continent, and it faces the serious shortage of transport infrastructure in the rapid urbanization process. Based on the spatial data of roads, railways, airports, ports, cities, and population, GIS spatial analysis technology and traffic accessibility index model were employed to study the spatial pattern of traffic accessibility of districts and of urban and rural areas in Tanzania. The findings are shown as follows. 1)The traffic accessibility of districts in Tanzania was extremely uneven. The high value area was mainly located along the northeast coast and the coast of Vitoria Lake, while the low value area was mainly located in the middle north region of the central railway line and in the south of the central railway line. 2) Due to the factors such as geographical location, resource endowment, colonial history, and government policy, there was a significant difference in traffic accessibility between urban and rural areas. The results are helpful for Tanzania to formulate regional traffic development policies and optimize the allocation of resources. The results have certain significance for promoting the accurate industrial docking and capacity transfer between China and Tanzania. |
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| Keywords: | traffic accessibility index spatial pattern Tanzania “the Belt and Road Initiative” |
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