| 冬季奥运项目发展演变与我国奥运项目选择 |
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| 引用本文： | 伊诺,张伟,叶茂盛,邱招义.冬季奥运项目发展演变与我国奥运项目选择[J].北京体育大学学报,2018,41(5):1-8. |
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| 作者姓名： | 伊诺 张伟 叶茂盛 邱招义 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京体育大学，北京 100084,哈尔滨工业大学体育部，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001,北京体育大学，北京 100084,北京体育大学，北京 100084 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金重点项目（项目编号：16ATY004）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（项目编号：2018ZD002）。通信作者：邱招义。 |
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| 摘 要： | 摘要：冬季奥运项目具有特定的发展规律，是地理条件、社会环境、科技实力等多方面因素共同促成的结果。主要采用文献资料法、专家访谈法等研究方法，研究冬季奥运项目的设置，在既定的项目框架内寻求突破，在变动发展的项目设置中把握我国冬季奥运项目的制胜途径。研究认为：1）我国冬季奥运项目选择应该坚持以新兴的技巧、打分型项目为主要发展项目。其中以自由式滑雪、单板滑雪以及钢架雪车为重点项目，以女子单项为主要夺金项目。以地域优势促进项目发展，以项目特征选择资源导向区域。实现东北、西北和华北三大区域联动，服务不同项目训练特点。2）我国的冬季奥运项目后备人才匮乏，应该以项目特点选拔优秀的夏季项目人才甚至非奥运项目群体发展到冬季项目队伍中。由于自由式滑雪和单板滑雪在U型项目设置上的相似性，可以将已有项目的优秀队员跨向培养，同时从陆上滑板U型场地技巧项目人才转型至雪上项目中；钢架雪车项目以爆发力好、速度、耐力等生理指标为优先考虑条件，挖掘夏季短跑、跨栏等项目运动员扩充至冬季项目队伍。
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| 关 键 词： | 关键词：冬奥会 项目起源 发展与演变 地域变化 项目组合 项目选择 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/2/1 0:00:00 |
Evolution of Winter Olympic Events and Selection of Olympic Events in China |
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| YI Nuo,ZHANG Wei,YE Mao-sheng and QIU Zhao-yi.Evolution of Winter Olympic Events and Selection of Olympic Events in China[J].Journal of Beijing Sport University,2018,41(5):1-8. |
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| Authors: | YI Nuo ZHANG Wei YE Mao-sheng and QIU Zhao-yi |
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| Institution: | Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China,Physical Education Department, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang China,Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China and Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: The Winter Olympic events have a specific development rule, which is the result of many factors such as geographical conditions, social environment, and scientific and technological strength. This study analyzed the setting of Winter Olympic events, seeked breakthrough in the established project framework, and grasped the way to win the Winter Olympic events in the changing project setting. The methods of literature review and expert interview were used in this study. Conclusions: 1) The selection of Winter Olympic Games in China should take the emerging skills and grading projects as the main development projects. Among them, freestyle skiing, snowboarding and snowmobile should be the key projects, and women''s single events should be the main gold medals. It also should promote the development of the project with regional advantages, select the resource oriented area with the feature of the project, realize the linkage of the Northeast, Northwest and North China, and serve the training characteristics of different projects. 2) The reserve talents of Winter Olympic events in China are scarce, we should select excellent summer events talents and even non Olympic events palyes to the winter project team based on event characteristics. Because of the similarity between the free skiing and the single board skiing in the U type project, the outstanding players of the existing projects can be trained across the project, and the land skateboard U site skill project talents are transformed into the snow project; skeleton chooses the athletes with good explosive force, speed, endurance and other physiological indexes as the priority, and we can excavate the summer sprint, hurdles and other athletes to expand to the winter project team |
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| Keywords: | Keywords: Winter Olympic Games origin of event development and evolution regional change events combination event seleltion |
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