| 基于代谢组学的高原训练初期的适应特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 高欢,高炳宏,孟志军.基于代谢组学的高原训练初期的适应特征[J].北京体育大学学报,2018,41(12):79-84+90. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高欢 高炳宏 孟志军 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海体育科学研究所，上海 200030,上海体育学院，上海 200438,上海体育学院，上海 200438 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海备战重大比赛重点项目运动员竞技能力提升关键技术研究（编号：15dz1208001）。通信作者：高炳宏。 |
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| 摘 要： | 摘要：目的：高原因其特殊环境，世居平原运动员初上高原训练时机体会产生一系列应激反应。借助代谢组学技术，从急性应激和慢性适应2个纬度，比较分析高原训练初期运动员代谢功能所发生的改变。方法：以16名优秀赛艇运动员为研究对象，在高原训练前、年度高原冬训的第4天、第14天调整休息后次日晨取肘静脉血5 mL，分离血浆，借助LC-MS平台测量分析各血浆代谢物，以PCA、OPLS-DA比较各时间点代谢谱的变化。高原训练初期的主要训练内容为低强度有氧训练。结果：1）与高原训练前比较，高原第4天和高原第14天发生显著改变的血浆代谢物各有近80种：a）与高原训练前比较，高原训练第4天血浆苯甲酰胺、吲哚-3-乙醛分别升高约35倍、17倍，血浆苯乙胺、苯酚、吲哚等分别升高约4-8倍；b）高原训练第14天与高原训练前相比，血浆苯甲酰胺、吲哚-3-乙醛、苯乙胺、吲哚等显著升高约2-6倍；血浆胆固醇羟化硫酸酯、色氨酸、3-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-2-氧丙酸等下降约2-8倍。2）与高原训练前比较，高原训练第4天苯丙氨酸、色氨酸代谢显著加强，同时，苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸、氨酰-tRNA生物合成显著增加，但不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成显著下调；高原第14天，苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸代谢显著加强，同时，苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸、氨酰-tRNA生物合成仍显著增加，不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成显著下调；高原第14天与高原第4天比较，氨酰-tRNA、缬氨酸，亮氨酸、异亮氨酸生物合成显著上调，而不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成显著下调，精氨酸、脯氨酸代谢加强。结论：优秀赛艇运动员高原训练急性应答期，参与中枢神经系统能量代谢调控的苯甲酰胺、吲哚-3-乙醛升高达数十倍，之后升高幅度下降，可能是高原训练初期代谢适应的敏感标志物。中枢神经系统的应激与适应可能在运动员高原训练初期代谢应答中发挥着关键作用。高原训练初期芳香族氨基酸、支链氨基酸代谢较为活跃，不饱和脂肪酸代谢抑制，其确切调节机制尚待深入研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 关键词：高原训练 血浆代谢谱 优秀赛艇运动员 代谢功能 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/10/14 0:00:00 |
Plasma Metabolic Profiles Response to the Early Phase of Altitude Training |
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| GAO Huan,GAO Bing-hong and MENG Zhi-jun.Plasma Metabolic Profiles Response to the Early Phase of Altitude Training[J].Journal of Beijing Sport University,2018,41(12):79-84+90. |
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| Authors: | GAO Huan GAO Bing-hong and MENG Zhi-jun |
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| Institution: | Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science, Shanghai 200030, China,Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China and Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: Purpose: Because of the special environment of the high altitude, the native plain athletes experience a series of stress reactions when they first train on the high altitude. In this study, with the help of metabonomics technology, this study compared and analyzed the changes of athletes'' metabolic function in the early stage of altitude training from two aspects of acute stress and chronic adaptation. Methods: Totally 16 male elite rowers took part in this research. The 5 mL elbow venous blood was collected before altitude training, on the 4th and 14th day of annual altitude winter training after adjustment rest. The plasma was separated, the plasma metabolites were measured and analyzed by LC-MS platform, and the changes of metabolic spectrum at different time points were compared by PCA, OPLS-DA. Results: 1) Compared with tpre-altitude training, there were nearly 80 plasma metabolites changed significantly on the 4th day and 14th day of altitude training respectively: a) Compared with pre-altitude training, the plasma levels of benzamide and indole-3-acetaldehyde increased 35 times and 17 times respectively on the 4th day of altitude training, and plasma levels of phenylethylamine, phenol and indole increased 4-8 times respectively; b) on the 14th day of altitude training, the levels of plasma benzamide, indole-3-acetaldehyde, phenylethylamine and indole increased by 2-6 times, while the levels of plasma cholesterol hydroxylated sulfate, tryptophan and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) -2-oxypropionic acid decreased by 2-8 times. 2) Compared with pre-altitude training, the metabolism of phenylalanine and tryptophan increased significantly on the 4th day of altitude training, while the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan and aminoacyl-tRNA increased significantly, but the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly; on the 14th day, the metabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine increased significantly, while the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan and aminoacyl-tRNA increased significantly, and the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly; compared with the 4th day of altitude training, the biosynthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA, valine, leucine and isoleucine increased significantly on the 14th day, while the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly, and the metabolism of arginine and proline increased.Conclusions: During the acute response period of high altitude training, benzamide and indole-3-acetaldehyde involved in the regulation of energy metabolism in the central nervous system of elite rowers increased by tens of times at first and then decreased, which may be sensitive markers of metabolic adaptation in the early stage of high altitude training. The stress and adaptation of the central nervous system may play a key role in the metabolic response of athletes in the early stage of altitude training. The metabolism of aromatic and branched-chain amino acids was more active in the early stage of altitude training, while the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids was inhibited. The exact regulation mechanism needed to be further studied. |
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| Keywords: | Keywords: altitude training plasma metabolic profile elite rower metabolic function |
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