| 美国残疾人体育自组织发展研究及启示 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴卅,黄亚玲.美国残疾人体育自组织发展研究及启示[J].北京体育大学学报,2015,38(6):6-11. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴卅 黄亚玲 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家体育总局体育科学研究所，北京 100061,北京体育大学，北京 100084 |
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| 基金项目： | 基金项目：国家社会科学基金项目（项目编号：12BTY020）。 |
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| 摘 要： | 摘要：运用文献资料法、实地调查法、访谈法等研究方法，对美国残疾人体育组织进行了实证研究，借助“自组织”的理论视角，探讨美国残疾人体育如何依靠各要素——残疾人体育组织间的协同合作，实现了其自组织演化进程。研究认为：在各级各类残疾人体育组织的主导下，美国残疾人体育逐渐从无到有、从弱到强，并逐步获得了主流社会的认可，并通过其内在协同机制，实现了从“无序”到“有序”、从“低序”到“高序”、从“简单”到“复杂”的自组织演化。研究启示：为残疾人创造参与体育活动的社会环境、扶持和培育残疾人体育组织、加强残疾人体育与健全人体育资源融合。为我国了解国外残疾人体育发展提供了宝贵的实证素材，同时也为未来我国残疾人体育事业的发展开拓了新视野。
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| 关 键 词： | 关键词：残疾人体育 体育组织 自组织 组织结构 体育发展模式 体育资源 |
| 收稿时间： | 4/1/2014 12:00:00 AM |
Self-Organization Development of American Disability Sport and Its Implications to China |
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| WU Sa and HUANG Ya-ling.Self-Organization Development of American Disability Sport and Its Implications to China[J].Journal of Beijing Sport University,2015,38(6):6-11. |
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| Authors: | WU Sa and HUANG Ya-ling |
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| Institution: | China Institute of Sport Science, General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing 100061, China and Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: This paper did an empirical study on American disability sports organizations and discussed how American disability sport realized its self-organization evolution from inter-organizational cooperation in the perspective of self-organization by the methods of literature review, field investigation and interview. Conclusions: Under the lead of all levels disability sport organizations, American disability sport built up from scratch and from weak to strong, and gained recognition of mainstream society gradually. And it actualized self-organization evolution, which is from disorder to order, from low level to high level, from simple to complicate, through internal cooperation mechanism. The conclusions can provide some implications to China, such as create social environment for disable people to participate sport, support and cultivate disability sport organization, enforce combine between disability sport and normal people sport. This study provided valuable material to understand foreign disability sport development and enlarged vision for future China disability sport enterprise. |
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| Keywords: | Keywords: disability sport sports organization self-organization organization structure sports development mode sports resource |
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