| 中国艺术体操队北京奥运会备战、参赛的心理训练 |
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| 引用本文： | 张力为,毕晓婷.中国艺术体操队北京奥运会备战、参赛的心理训练[J].天津体育学院学报,2009,24(1):6-9. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张力为 毕晓婷 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京体育大学,北京,100084 |
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| 摘 要： | 围绕自信和自控两个主题,介绍中国艺术体操队备战参赛北京奥运会心理训练的主导思想和操作方法.在提高运动员自信的过程中,主要采用的方法包括关注可控因素、增加积极反馈、每日一句鼓励和提示对手困境;在提高运动员自控能力的过程中,主要采用的方法包括建立多重目标、进行模拟训练、降低参赛位置、迅速调整情绪和训练安排选择.认为,运动员战胜自我、超越自我的境界主要体现为有意识地对抗与超越本能欲望.还认为,心理训练的重点是存理解和认识的基础上,培养良好的思维习惯和行为习惯.最后,讨论三个心理训练的应用原则.
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| 关 键 词： | 艺术体操 心理训练 自信 自控 本我 自我 超我 习惯 |
Mental Training of China Rhythmic Gymnastics Team for Beijing Olympic Games |
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| ZHANG Liwei,BI Xiaoting.Mental Training of China Rhythmic Gymnastics Team for Beijing Olympic Games[J].Journal of Tianjin Institute of Physical Education,2009,24(1):6-9. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Liwei BI Xiaoting |
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| Institution: | Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper introduced what we thought and what we did in our mental training program for China rhythmic gymnastics team before and during Beijing Olympic Games, focusing on self confidence and self control. To improve the athletes' self confidence, we used variety of methods including focusing on controllable factors, giving more positive feedback, one encouraging sentence for today and analyzing opponents' difficulties. To improve the athletes' ability of self control we tried the methods including multiple goal setting, simulation training, reducing self demands, quick emotion adjustment and self selection of training elements. It was pointed out that underlying the popular slogan of "Conquer self and Surpass the self" in athletic training field was the idea that athletes need to withstand and surpass id or lust in difficult time. It was also pointed that the final goal of mental training is to help athletes set up the positive habits in their thinking and behavior systems. The three application principles were discussed at the end of this paper. |
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| Keywords: | rhythmic gymnastics mental training self-confidence self-control id ego super ego habit |
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