| 我国单板U型场地滑雪运动员平衡训练及肌电特征研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 白冰.我国单板U型场地滑雪运动员平衡训练及肌电特征研究[J].冰雪运动,2015(6):19-24. |
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| 作者姓名： | 白冰 |
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| 作者单位： | 黑龙江工程学院体育部,黑龙江哈尔滨,150080 |
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| 摘 要： | 运用表面肌电和摄影技术，结合功能解剖学，对我国不同运动等级的单板U型场地滑雪运动员平衡训练及肌肉的肌电特征进行了分析。结果表明：运动员在平衡训练中对身体姿态的有效调整与控制，有赖于竖脊肌、腹外斜肌和腹直肌的贡献率和协调有序的工作。虽然不同等级运动员在平衡动作控制模式和肌肉工作顺序上有所差异，但主要工作肌群趋于相同。健将级运动员之所以能对身体姿态实现高效调整与控制，不仅在于工作肌群的贡献度较高、能调动更多的肌肉参与到肌肉控制中，还在于双侧肌肉群的协调发力。而一级运动员和二级运动员由于还缺乏更好地控制肌肉的能力，致使在运动中出现了肌肉有效电活动过高或不足的状况，不仅平衡感和稳定性差、对身体平衡姿态控制不足，而且也缺乏对失衡动作的调控。
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| 关 键 词： | 单板U型场地滑雪运动员 平衡训练 肌电 特征 |
Study on the Balance Training and EMG Characteristics of Chinese Halfpipers |
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| Abstract: | Using the methods of EMG and photography technology,combined with functional anatomy, the balance training and EMG characteristics of Chinese halfpipers in different levels have been analyzed. The results show that the effective adjustment and control of posture for athletes in balance training depend on the contribution rate and coordinative work of erector spinae,external oblique and musculus rectus abdominis. Although it has difference on the control mode of balanced movements and mucle working order for athletes in different levels,main working mucles are same. Master athletes can achieve efficient adjustment and control of body postures,not only the contribution rate of working mucles and mobilizing more muscles involved in the muscle control,but also in the bilateral muscle coordination. Because first-class athletes and second-class athletes are lack of the ability to better control the muscles,so that effective electrical activity of muscles in the movements are too many or not enough,not only a sense of balance and stability are bad,balance control is insufficient,also lack of imbalances motions control. |
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| Keywords: | halfpiper balance training EMG characteristics |
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