| 中国学校体育改革与发展若干重大问题解析——从当下学校体育改革5组“热词”说起 |
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| 引用本文： | 毛振明,邱丽玲,杜晓红.中国学校体育改革与发展若干重大问题解析——从当下学校体育改革5组“热词”说起[J].上海体育学院学报,2021(4):1-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 毛振明 邱丽玲 杜晓红 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学体育与运动学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社会科学基金重点项目(19ATY009)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 新时代中国学校体育面临的重要难题反映在当下学校体育改革的5组“热词”之中:①“立德树人”“四位一体”代表了学校体育的时代价值和定位问题,提示学校体育应完成“人才之育”的重任,并通过创新方法论和教材体系落实“以体树人”;②“健康中国2030”“体质提升‘三精准’”代表了当前大幅度、大面积提升学生体质的现实需要问题,《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》提出的“达标优秀率25%以上”的“钢尺子”和全新的“学生体质提升‘三精准’”的方法论为解决学生体质问题提供了机遇;③“教会、勤练、常赛”“大中小学课程一体化”“体育走班制教学”代表了体育课程的价值体现和科学性问题,“体育走班制教学”是“可选择性的专项化体育教学模式”,是解决“上了12年体育课什么都没有学会”等难题的有效方法;④“体教融合”“校园足球”代表了解决历史形成的“体教分离”“举国体制”制度困局的问题,“体教融合”是瞄准“新举国体制”建立的体育制度重大改革,“校园足球”则是“体教融合”的“首战”;⑤“中考体育”“高考体育”代表了如何在应试教育条件下利用考试制度创新推进素质教育的问题,有着30年历史的“中考体育”理论与实践的成功再次让“高考体育”成为可期待的新的体育考试制度。
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| 关 键 词： | 立德树人 体质提升“三精准” 教会、勤练、常赛 大中小学课程一体化 体育走班制教学 校园足球 中考体育 高考体育 |
Analysis ofMajor Issues in the Reform and Development of Chinese School Physical Education:From the Five Groups of"Hot Words"in School Physical Education Reform |
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| MAO Zhenming,QIU Liling,DU Xiaohong.Analysis ofMajor Issues in the Reform and Development of Chinese School Physical Education:From the Five Groups of"Hot Words"in School Physical Education Reform[J].Journal of Shanghai Physical Education Institute,2021(4):1-14. |
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| Authors: | MAO Zhenming QIU Liling DU Xiaohong |
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| Institution: | (School of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China) |
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| Abstract: | Chinese school physical education in the new era must solve the traditional theoretical and practical difficulties.These five groups of"hot words"reflect current challenges in school physical education reform.Firstly,the phrases of"Foster virtue through education"and"Four in one"represent the contemporary value and orientation,reminding us that it must complete the important task of"talent education",and it requires that cultivating with physical education must be accomplished by innovating methodologies and teaching material system.Secondly,the phrases of"Healthy China 2030"and"Three Accuracy of Physical Fitness Improvement"represent the current needs of improving students'physical fitness on a large scale.For"Healthy China 2030"puts forward the standards of"excellence rate above 25%",the new methodology of"Three Accuracy of Physical Fitness Improvement"provides feasibility to solve the problems of student's physical fitness.Thirdly,the phrases of"Teaching well,practicing frequently and competing often","Integration of courses through primary and secondary schools and higher education"and"Optional physical education curriculum"represent the value and rationality of physical education curriculum.And the"selective and specialized physical education teaching mode"should be the only effective countermeasure to solve the problem of"12 years of physical education classes but less skill".Fourthly,the phrases of"Integration of Sports and Education"and"Campus Football"represent the solution to the historical problems of"separation of sports and education"and the system dilemma of the"national system"."Integration of sports and education"is a major reform aimed at the establishment of the new sports system,while"Campus Football"is the first experiment of"Integration of Sports and Education".Lastly,the phrase of"Physical education in the high school entrance examination"and"Physical education in the college entrance examination"represent how to use the examination system innovation to promote education quality under the conditions of exam-oriented education system.The success of the theory and practice of the former with a history of 30 years makes the latter become a new expected sports examination system again. |
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| Keywords: | foster virtue through education three accuracy of physical fitness improvement teaching well practicing frequently and competing often integration of P E courses in primary and secondary schools and higher education optional physical education curriculum campus football physical education in the high school entrance examination physical education in the college entrance examination |
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