| 畜禽养殖环境调控与智能养殖装备技术研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨飞云,曾雅琼,冯泽猛,刘作华,李保明.畜禽养殖环境调控与智能养殖装备技术研究进展[J].中国科学院院刊,2019,34(2):163-173. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨飞云 曾雅琼 冯泽猛 刘作华 李保明 |
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| 作者单位： | 重庆市畜牧科学院农业农村部养猪科学重点实验室农业农村部西南设施养殖工程科学观测实验站;中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室;中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0701601、2018YFD0500700、2016YFD0700200、2016YFD0500506），重庆市技术创新与应用示范（社会民生重点）项目（18211），现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-35） |
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| 摘 要： | 养殖环境优化调控和智能养殖技术与装备是现代规模化畜禽养殖的重要技术支撑。影响畜牧业可持续发展的生物安全问题、畜牧环保问题和畜禽产品质量安全问题都与养殖环境控制和养殖装备技术密切相关。文章重点围绕养殖环境智能调控、畜禽健康状态智能辨识和饲养过程智能管理3个技术领域,以热环境、空气质量和光照为主要环境调控因素,分析了养殖环境对畜禽健康的影响以及国内外环境调控的最新技术方法,介绍了以生理、行为、声音和个体自动化实时监测为途径的畜禽健康状态智能辨识技术,以及精准饲喂、机械清粪、畜产品自动收取和养殖信息系统管理等养殖过程智能管理技术与装备的发展现状以及存在的问题。提出了加快畜禽养殖环境调控与智能养殖技术研发与推广应用的相关建议,旨在为我国畜禽养殖业的绿色转型升级和健康可持续发展提供理论依据和技术支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 畜禽养殖 环境调控 智能装备 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/2/12 0:00:00 |
Research Status on Environmental Control Technologies and Intelligent Equipment for Livestock and Poultry Production |
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| YANG Feiyun,ZENG Yaqiong,FENG Zemeng,LIU Zuohua and LI Baoming.Research Status on Environmental Control Technologies and Intelligent Equipment for Livestock and Poultry Production[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2019,34(2):163-173. |
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| Authors: | YANG Feiyun ZENG Yaqiong FENG Zemeng LIU Zuohua and LI Baoming |
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| Institution: | MARA Key Laboratory of Pig Sciences, MARA Scientific Observation Experimental Station for Animal Agricultural Engineering in Southwest of China, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China,MARA Key Laboratory of Pig Sciences, MARA Scientific Observation Experimental Station for Animal Agricultural Engineering in Southwest of China, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China,CAS Key Lab of Agroecology Processing Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China,MARA Key Laboratory of Pig Sciences, MARA Scientific Observation Experimental Station for Animal Agricultural Engineering in Southwest of China, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China and MARA Key Lab of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | Environmental control technology, management, and intelligent equipment are critical components for modern intensive livestock and poultry farming, having great impacts on its biosecurity, animal environment, and product quality, which are considered as the mostly important issues for the sustainable development of animal husbandry. Focusing on three important areas of intelligent control of animal housing environment, intelligent identification of livestock and poultry health, and intelligent feeding management, taking thermal environment, air quality, and light environment as main factors in particular, this study technically analyzes the impact of housing environment on animals'' health and the state-of-the-art technical methods on environmental manipulation in the world. Also presented in the paper is the current status of intelligent identification technology of livestock and poultry health based on physiological, behavioral, sound, and individual automatic monitoring, the intelligent feeding management and techniques, as well as equipment, including precision feeding, mechanical manure cleaning, auto-collection of animal products, and comprehensive management of animal production information. Based on summary of existing issues and challenges, relevant suggestions on research and development in future are given. The paper aims at providing theoretical basis and technical support on the transformation, upgrading and sustainable development of China''s livestock and poultry industry. |
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| Keywords: | livestock and poultry farming environmental control intelligent equipment |
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