| 论中国如何发展自主可控和开放的科技产业 |
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| 引用本文： | 詹剑锋.论中国如何发展自主可控和开放的科技产业[J].中国科学院院刊,2019,34(6):657-666. |
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| 作者姓名： | 詹剑锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院计算技术研究所;中国科学院大学 |
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| 摘 要： | 在竞争日益激烈的国际环境下,自主可控和开放合作是发展科技产业的双翼,同等重要。自主可控让我们无后顾之忧;开放合作则允许我们充分开展全球分工与合作,获得竞争优势。文章分析了计算机产业发展史上的重要技术创新:移动芯片ARM和移动操作系统安卓(Android),以及正在发展的智能计算机产业,探讨了新的国际竞争环境下如何才能建立有竞争力的应用科学技术体系。文章认为:(1)只有从源头或者主干开始的基础性技术创新才可能真正做到自主可控,并充分享有国际分工与合作的好处;智能计算机是中国建立自主可控和开放产业的一个机会。(2)只有改变评价体系,从机械地统计论文数目和引用转向重视从源头或者主干开始的基础性技术创新,改变头重脚轻的学科布局,重视知识产权保护,充分利用国际智力开展分工与合作,才能建立具有国际竞争力的应用科学技术体系。
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| 关 键 词： | 应用科学技术体系 自主可控和开放产业 智能计算机 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/6/16 0:00:00 |
On How To Develop Independent, and Open Science and Technology Industries in China |
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| ZHAN Jianfeng.On How To Develop Independent, and Open Science and Technology Industries in China[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2019,34(6):657-666. |
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| Authors: | ZHAN Jianfeng |
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| Institution: | 1 Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Independence and openness are equally important for the development of science and technology industries in an increasingly competitive international environment. Independence serves as our backup force, while openness allows us to participate fully in global division of labor and collaboration and to gain competitive edge. This paper analyzes the fundamental technology innovations in the history of computer industry:the mobile chip ARM and the mobile OS Android, as well as the developing intelligent computer industry, and explores how to build an applied science and technology system with competitive edge under the new international competitive environment. Two conclusions are drawn as follows. First, independence and full sharing of the benefits of international division of labor and cooperation must be based on the fundamental technology innovation starting from the source or backbone. Intelligent computer offers an opportunity for China to establish an independent and open industry. Second, only by changing the evaluative methodology and metric from simply centering on the citation number of papers to emphasizing fundamental technology innovation starting from the source or backbone, changing the top-heavy discipline layout, emphasizing intellectual property rights protection and making full use of international intelligence to carry out division and cooperation, can an applied science and technology system with internationally competitive edge be established. |
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| Keywords: | applied science and technology system independent and open industries intelligent computer |
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