| 葱属粗根组5种材料的核型研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 晏一祥,黄瑞复,魏蓉城,许介眉.葱属粗根组5种材料的核型研究[J].中国科学院研究生院学报,1990,28(3):177-184. |
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| 作者姓名： | 晏一祥 黄瑞复 魏蓉城 许介眉 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文分析了葱属Allium粗根组Sect．Bromatorrhiza Ekberg五群材料的核型。多星韭Allium
wallichii Kunth有两个类型：第一类型是二倍体，染色体组公式为AA，核型公式为K(2n)=2X=
14=2m(SAT)+2m+10sm，属2A型；第二类型是同源四倍体，染色体组公式为AAAA, 核型公
式为K(2n)＝4X＝28＝2m(SAT)+6m十20sm,属2A型。宽叶韭Allium hookeri Thwaites有
三个类型： 第一类型是双基数同源异源三倍体，染色体组公式为AAB1,核型公式为 K(2n)＝2X+
x'＝22＝(12sm+2t)十(1m十45m+1st+2t)， 属3A型； 第二类型也是双基数同源异源三倍
体，能配对的两个染色体组染色体大小和形态与第一类型大体相似，不能配对的一个染色体组染色体
大小和形态与第一类型有明显区别，其中至少有两条染色体发生了罗伯逊易位，出现一条很大的染色体
和一条很小的染色体，染色体组公式为AAB2，核型公式为K(2n)=2x+x'＝22=(12sm+2t)+
(3m+1sm十2st+2t)，属3A型；第三类型相当于第一类型染色体的自然加倍，是双基数同源异源
六倍体，染色体组公式为AAAAB1B1，核型公式为K(2n)=4X十2x'＝44＝(24sm+4t)十(2m+
8sm十2st+4t)，属3A型。
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| 关 键 词： | 多星韭 宽叶韭 同源四倍体 同源异源三倍体 同源异源六倍体 |
Studies on the Karyotype of 5 Samples of Allium Sect. Bromatorrhiza Ekberg |
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| Yan Yi-Xiang,Huang Rui-Fu,Wei Rong-Cheng,Xu Jie-Mei.Studies on the Karyotype of 5 Samples of Allium Sect. Bromatorrhiza Ekberg[J].Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1990,28(3):177-184. |
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| Authors: | Yan Yi-Xiang Huang Rui-Fu Wei Rong-Cheng Xu Jie-Mei |
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| Abstract: | The karyotypes of 5 samples in Allium Sect. Bromatorrhiza Ekberg were
analysed in this paper.
In Allium wallichii Kunth, the first sample is a diploid, with genome formula is AA and
karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x=14=2m(SAT)+2m+10sm. The second is an autotetraploid,
with genome formula AAAA, karyotype formul K(2n)=4x=28=2m(SAT)+6m+20sm. These
two karyotypes belong to “3A”. The two karyotypes of A. wallichii Kunth are similar in
morphology, though different in ploidy.
In Allium hookeri Thwaites, the first sample is a dibasic autoallotriploid. Its genome
formula is AAB1; the basic number of the genome A is 7 and that of the genome B1 is 8. The
karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x+x'=22=(12sm+2t)+(1m+4sm+1st+2t). The second is
also an autoallotriploid. The genomes in pairs are similar to those in the first sample in size
and morphology of chromosomes. However, the unpaired genome differs from the first one
apparently. Therefore, its genome formula is AAB2, and karyotype formula is K(2n)=2x+
x'=22=(12sm+2t)+(3m+1sm+2st+2t). The third is doubling of the first karyotype. It is
an autoallohexaploid, with genome formula AAAAB1 B1 and karyotype formula K(2n)=4x+2x'= 44= (24sm+4t) + (2m+8sm+2st+4t). These three karyotypes belong to “3A”. |
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| Keywords: | Allium wallichii Kunth Allium hookeri Thwaites autotetraploid autoallotriploid autoallohexaploid |
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