| 中国医药制造业企业政府创新补贴绩效研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 尚洪涛,黄晓硕.中国医药制造业企业政府创新补贴绩效研究[J].科研管理,2019,40(8):32-42. |
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| 作者姓名： | 尚洪涛 黄晓硕 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京工业大学经济与管理学院北京现代制造业发展研究基地,北京,100124;北京工业大学经济与管理学院北京现代制造业发展研究基地,北京,100124 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社科基金一般项目;起止时间 |
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| 摘 要： | 政府创新补贴逐渐成为企业研发资金的主要外部来源,但其对企业绩效的作用机制仍然模糊。根据医药制造业企业研发周期长、风险大的特点,在考虑时滞效应的基础上运用STATA12. 0构建静态回归模型,从微观角度分析政府创新补贴的创新绩效和财务绩效,以及在不同地区、不同企业性质和不同规模企业中的差异。研究表明:政府创新补贴会显著促进当期的研发投入,并且这一作用在东部地区、国企和小规模企业中表现更显著;政府创新补贴对未来一期的创新产出呈正U型关系,这种关系在东部地区、不同性质和不同规模企业中均显著;政府创新补贴对未来一期的财务绩效产生显著促进作用,这种促进作用在东部地区、小规模和非国有企业中表现更显著。研究结论对我国政府合理制定政府创新补贴政策和医药制造业提高创新能力提供了决策依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 医药制造业 政府创新补贴 绩效 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-06-07 |
A research on the performance of government innovation subsidies for pharmaceutical companies in China#br# |
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| Shang Hongtao,Huang Xiaoshuo.A research on the performance of government innovation subsidies for pharmaceutical companies in China#br#[J].Science Research Management,2019,40(8):32-42. |
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| Authors: | Shang Hongtao Huang Xiaoshuo |
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| Institution: | Beijing Modern Manufacturing Development and Research Base, School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China |
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| Abstract: | As one of the high and new technology industries, the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is related to the national economy and the people’s livelihood. And with the increase of the aging population and new viruses continue to emerge, the people’s demand of health and new drugs will be increasing. Undoubtedly, as knowledge-intensive and technology-intensive economic entities, pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises are important carriers to improve the ability of independent innovation. According to the statistics, In the field of pharmacy, the patent share of the United States is 59%, that of the European Union is 19%, that of Japan is 17%, and that of China is only 3%. Our independent R&D capability needs to be improved urgently. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, China launched the "Major New Drug Research and Development Project" to encourage independent research and development of new drugs. According to this plan, China has invested more than 6.6 billion yuan in the pharmaceutical industry, and further increased the government’s investment in innovation subsidies in the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" special plan for new drug research and development. The government has gradually increased support for innovation in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry. Whether the government innovation subsidy meets the" crowding-in effects " hypothesis or the" crowding-out effects " hypothesis for enterprise innovation has always been the core issue concerned by a lot of scholars. Scholars at home and abroad study the performance of government innovation subsidy based on sample data of countries with different institutional backgrounds, but they mainly focus on the impact of government innovation subsidy on innovation performance, and rarely consider the impact on financial performance. And the ultimate goal of innovation subsidy is to improve financial performance. Therefore, this paper uses panel data of listed pharmaceutical companies from 2008 to 2014 to measure government innovation subsidy based on innovation performance and financial performance from the micro level by using STATA12.0 establishing static regression model.. It is not only considers the impact of government innovation subsidy on R&D input and innovation output, but also considers the impact on sales revenue and return on net assets. In addition, the sample is classified by region, nature and scale of enterprises, which also provides decision-making basis for the government to improve subsidy policy and improve the performance of pharmaceutical enterprises. The research result shows: government innovation subsidies will significantly promote R&D investment in the current period, and this effect is more significant in the eastern region, state-owned enterprises and small enterprises. The government innovation subsidy has a U relationship with the innovation performance of the next year, and this relationship is significant in the eastern region, different nature and different scale enterprises. The government innovation subsidies significantly promote the financial performance of the next year, which is more significant in small and non-state-owned enterprises. Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations from the government level and the enterprise level respectively. From the government level, we can improve from the following three aspects: first, refine the supporting measures of innovation subsidy, and enhance the pertinence and coordination of innovation subsidy. We will increase innovation subsidies for Eastern regions, state-owned enterprises and small-scale enterprises, encourage enterprises to develop and introduce new products and technologies, and formulate incentive policies for R&D in central and Western regions, non-state-owned enterprises and large-scale enterprises, so as to enhance the role of government innovation subsidies in promoting R&D investment. Secondly, the government should formulate innovative subsidy policies scientifically to avoid such phenomena as "wrong subsidies" and "excessive subsidies", so that government innovation subsidy can promote enterprise innovation. Finally, we should increase the innovation incentive policies and economic incentives for the central and Western regions, state-owned enterprises and large-scale enterprises to promote the stable development of enterprises and improve their performance. From the enterprise level, as the main body of innovation, enterprises should make rational use of government innovation subsidies. Firstly, enterprises should strive to obtain government innovation subsidy and invest it in R&D activities. Especially enterprises in the central and western regions, non-state-owned enterprises and large-scale enterprises should maximize government innovation subsidy in R&D activities, improve their R&D investment, and thus improve enterprise performance. Secondly, while increasing R&D investment, enterprises should pay attention to the improvement of R&D innovation efficiency, especially state-owned enterprises. In the process of R&D innovation, both capital operation efficiency and personnel management efficiency should be taken into account to maximize the role of government innovation subsidies in promoting innovation performance and financial performance. Finally, enterprises should combine their own geographical environment, institutional environment and enterprise scale, maintain or strive for more government innovation subsidies to alleviate the pressure of R&D funds, and strive to use innovative achievements to improve the financial performance of enterprises.The theoretical significance of the research is: it expands the research scope of enterprise performance evaluation, enriches the research methods of government subsidy performance, and provides a new perspective for future generations in this field.The practical significance of research is: Under the realistic background of vigorously advocating and supporting innovative R&D in pharmaceutical manufacturing industry,It is helpful to stimulate and standardize the innovative behavior of enterprises, and to provide reference for the government to formulate and improve the differential subsidy policy. |
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