| 中国产业间水权交易潜力及制约因素初步分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 姜楠,梁爽,谷树忠.中国产业间水权交易潜力及制约因素初步分析[J].资源科学,2005,27(5):90-95. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姜楠 梁爽 谷树忠 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101;中科院研究生院,北京,100039
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院资助项目，中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 对我国用水结构与产业结构进行了对比和分析,揭示了我国产业间水权交易的内在驱动因素;从用水效率和经济激励角度对三次产业在水权交易中的地位做了前瞻性的分析,前者的着眼点在于三次产业间用水效率存在差异,后者在于现有产业间水价存在价格歧视,进而对产业结构升级可能驱动的产业间水权交易量进行了初步估算;指出随着产业结构升级,农业将成为产业间水权交易的潜在供应方,工业在产业结构中的比重与工业用水结构的线性关系不显著,但考虑到我国发展阶段和工业化战略等因素,工业将成为未来水资源的潜在需求方;第三产业比重与生活用水的线性关系显著,随着第三产业在国民经济结构的比重增加,它将成为潜在的需求方;揭示了产业间水权交易的特征,即产业间水权交易主体的集群性、客体的差异性、内容和形式的多样性和产业间水权交易与产业结构升级的同向性等主要特征;此外,针对制约产业间水权交易的因素从制度完善、降低交易成本和定位政府职能等方面提出了推动产业间水权交易实践的建议.
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| 关 键 词： | 产业结构 用水效率 水权交易 特征 制约因素 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588（2005）05-0090-06 |
| 收稿时间： | 2004-07-20 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005-03-28 |
Potential and Restrictive Factors of Water Rights Transaction in China's Industries |
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| JIANG Nan,LIANG Shuang,GU Shu-zhong.Potential and Restrictive Factors of Water Rights Transaction in China''s Industries[J].Resources Science,2005,27(5):90-95. |
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| Authors: | JIANG Nan LIANG Shuang GU Shu-zhong |
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| Abstract: | Comparative analysis on the structure of water use and industry is carried out to explore internal forces driving inter-industry's water rights transaction. Predictive analysis of water rights transaction status of the three industries is made based on water use efficiency and economic incentives. It is concluded that the liner relationship between the share of the secondary industry and industrial water use is not significant, but the second industry would become a potential demander as far as accelerating industrialization policy is concerned. And the tertiary industry would become another demander in inter-industry water rights transaction since there is a strong liner correlation between the proportion of domestic water use and share of tertiary industry. Two driving forces to promote inter-industry water rights transaction are identified. One is the physical basis, which is the difference in profit of per cubic meter water used for the three industries; the other is economic incentives, which is illustrated with an example of the price discrimination among industries in Beijing. The potential of inter-industry water rights transaction is estimated by analyzing evolution of industrial structure. It is showed that there would be a water rights transaction with an amount of at least 55 million cubic meters among the three industries. The characteristics of inter-industry water rights transaction is concluded as following:1) Congregative transaction subjects; 2) Differential objects; 3) Diversity of transaction contents and forms; 4) Transaction occurs in the same direction as industrial structural evolution. At the end, factors restricting such transaction are analyzed mainly from three aspects: 1) Unclear legislation concerned; 2) Lack of effective measures lowering transaction cost; and 3) Improper role of government in carrying out its function. Therefore, improvement in institutional performance would be a key step in promoting inter-industry water rights transaction. |
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| Keywords: | Industrial structure Water use efficiency Water rights transaction Restrictive factors |
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