| 可耗竭资源价值理论与陕北能源价值补偿的实证研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 冯宗宪,姜昕,王青.可耗竭资源价值理论与陕北能源价值补偿的实证研究[J].资源科学,2010,32(11):2200-2209. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冯宗宪 姜昕 王青 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西安交通大学经济与金融学院,西安,710061
2. 西安交通大学金禾经济研究中心,西安,710049 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目：“开放条件下西北地区环境治理与经济社会发展的理论与方略研究”（编号：03JAZJD790007）；西安交通大学“985工程”二期（编号：07200701） |
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| 摘 要： | 本文首先明确了可耗竭资源跨期分配的动态效率标准和代际公平标准,以动态效率标准为原则,通过最优化模型分析,解释了可耗竭资源价格构成的原理。即资源价格理应保含边际直接成本、边际环境成本和边际使用者成本三部分内容,其中边际使用者成本是资源自身价值的体现。然后讨论应当如何借鉴国外经验,对资源开发过程中发生的各项成本进行补偿。最后展开量化分析,采用以代际公平原则为指导的使用者成本法估算2001年至2006年6年间陕北煤炭、石油、天然气资源开发造成的使用者成本大小,分别与各年地方财政收入当中的资源税收入作比较,得出当前价格及税收水平下,陕北能源资源价值损耗远未能得到有效补偿的结论。如此将不利于该地区能源经济的可持续发展。
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| 关 键 词： | 可耗竭资源 使用者成本法 使用者成本 资源税 资源价值补偿 |
A Study on the Theory of Exhaustible Resource Value and Its Use in Evaluating the Value of Energy in Northern Shaanxi |
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| FENG Zongxian,JIANG Xin and WANG Qing.A Study on the Theory of Exhaustible Resource Value and Its Use in Evaluating the Value of Energy in Northern Shaanxi[J].Resources Science,2010,32(11):2200-2209. |
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| Authors: | FENG Zongxian JIANG Xin and WANG Qing |
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| Abstract: | Since the late 1990s, Northern Shaanxi has become one of the most critical production areas of energy resources in China. Its rich endowment of coal, oil, and natural gas contributes greatly to the growth of economy for industrialized eastern and coastal regions of China. Benefits enjoyed by local people were, however, significantly limited, which was far less than the loss of resource value in this region. The authors made an attempt to prove such a hypothesis based on the theory of exhaustible resource value as well as investigation of historical statistics. We first put forward the dynamic efficiency standard and intertemporal equality standard for intertemporal allocation of exhaustible resources. On the basis of the dynamic efficiency standard, we explained the theory of exhaustible resource value composition through a dynamic optimization model, which demonstrated that the price of exhaustible resources is comprised of three elements: marginal direct cost, marginal environmental cost, and marginal user cost. Amongst them, the marginal user cost represents the value of resource itself. The authors discussed how to compensate different types of cost incurred in the process of exploitation. In this regard, we could learn the experience of managing resource rent from developed countries. Subsequently, a statistical analysis was performed. The principle of the user cost method (the main idea of this method is just the intertemporal equality standard) was introduced and made use of to evaluate the user cost incurred by exploiting coal, oil, and natural gas resources in Northern Shaanxi during the period from 2001-2006. Comparing the results to local resource tax revenue in the corresponding years, it was drawn that under current levels of price and tax, the loss of energy resource value in Northern Shaanxi was far from being compensated sufficiently. This would be detrimental to the sustainable development of this region. In order to improve the situation, it is suggested that the government collect more rent through elevating the tax rate of exploiting natural resources, especially those with high rent, or enlarging transfer payment from the central government to poor and lagged resource production areas, such as Northern Shaanxi, or levying sustainable development funds or other types of funds associated with resource exploitation. The revenue can thus be utilized to adjust and improve the industrial structure, implement diversification strategies, be invested in human resource accumulation, or dispense social bonus to residents across this region. |
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| Keywords: | Exhaustible resource User cost method User cost Resource tax Compensation to
resource value |
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