| 内蒙古草原不堪重负, 生产方式亟须变革 |
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| 引用本文： | 董孝斌,张新时,张新时.内蒙古草原不堪重负, 生产方式亟须变革[J].资源科学,2005,27(4):175-179. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董孝斌 张新时 张新时 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京师范大学资源学院,北京,100875
2. 北京师范大学资源学院,北京,100875;中国科学院植物研究所,北京,100093 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划) |
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| 摘 要： | 内蒙古草原由于长期以来人为和自然因素的双重作用,生态系统处于崩溃的边缘.本文通过对内蒙古近50年草原畜牧业发展问题的分析及草原畜牧业的成本效益核算,表明内蒙古草原生态上的不可持续性已经造成其社会经济发展的不可持续性,生态损失远远大于经济贡献.因此其落后的以放牧为主的生产方式必须进行彻底改变,天然草原禁牧,发挥其生态功能,而以农业生产方式大力发展人工草场,开拓现代化的畜牧业增长方式是草原的重要出路.
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| 关 键 词： | 内蒙古 草原畜牧业 人工草场 生态经济 可持续发展 |
| 文章编号： | 1007-7588(2005)04-0175-05 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年10月11 |
The Grassland in the Inner Mongolia is Overloaded and Changes
of the Production Pattern are Highlighted |
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| DONG Xiao-bin,ZHANG Xin-shi.The Grassland in the Inner Mongolia is Overloaded and Changes
of the Production Pattern are Highlighted[J].Resources Science,2005,27(4):175-179. |
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| Authors: | DONG Xiao-bin ZHANG Xin-shi |
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| Abstract: | The area of grassland in the Inner Mongolia is 22 percent of total grassland in China, and the grassland is production base of animal husbandry but has been long affected by human and natural factors, the ecosystem of grassland in the Inner Mongolia tends to break down. This paper analyzes the problems facing grassland over the past 50 years and calculates the input and output of grassland-animal husbandry. The results show that the ecological unsustainability has caused unsustainablilty of socio-economic system and the ecological loss of grassland is higher than economic contribution. Eco-economic cost of degenerative grassland reached 95 250 million Yuan, which is 1.4 times of the animal husbandry production value of the grassland in the last 50 years. And the value of ecosystem service loss is 96 472.56 million, which meant that it cost 14 200 Yuan when 10 000 production value is produced. If the standard of UNEP is adopted to evaluate economic loss of desertification, the estimated loss is 85 140 million, which means that per herdsman has to bear ecological deficit of 2 270 Yuan. So traditional grazing-animal husbandry must be changed into modern animal husbandry, and intensive exploration of artificial grassland to increase the output of modern animal husbandry while banning grazing on natural grassland is an important way out for grassland. |
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| Keywords: | Inner Mongolia Grassland-animal husbandry Artificial grassland Ecological economy Sustainable Development |
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