Angry Responses to Infant Challenges: Parent,Marital, and Child Genetic Factors Associated With Harsh Parenting |
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| Authors: | Nastassia Hajal Jenae Neiderhiser Ginger Moore Leslie Leve Daniel Shaw Gordon Harold Laura Scaramella Jody Ganiban David Reiss |
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| Institution: | 1. UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior;2. Pennsylvania State University;3. University of Oregon;4. University of Pittsburgh;5. University of Leicester;6. University of New Orleans;7. George Washington University;8. Yale Child Study Center |
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| Abstract: | This study examined genetic and environmental influences on harsh parenting of adopted 9‐month‐olds (N = 503), with an emphasis on positive child‐, parent‐, and family‐level characteristics. Evocative gene–environment correlation (rGE) was examined by testing the effect of both positive and negative indices of birth parent temperament on adoptive parents’ harsh parenting. Adoptive fathers’ harsh parenting was inversely related to birth mother positive temperament, indicating evocative rGE, as well as to marital quality. Adoptive parents’ negative temperamental characteristics were related to hostile parenting for both fathers and mothers. Findings support the importance of enhancing positive family characteristics in addition to mitigating negative characteristics, as well as engaging multiple levels of the family system to prevent harsh parenting. |
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