Differences in polysubstance use among youth in the child welfare system: Toward a better understanding of the highest-risk teens |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 669 W. 34th St., Los Angeles, CA 90089-0411, USA;2. American Institutes for Research, 1000 Thomas Jefferson St., NW, Washington, DC 20007-3835, USA;3. Division of Hospital Medicine, Children''s Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS #94, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA;1. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;2. Department of Women & Children Health, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China;3. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, China;1. Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA;2. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA,;3. Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syria;4. University of Memphis School of Public Health, Memphis, TN, USA;5. American University of Beirut, Lebanon;6. Department of Psychology and Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA;7. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Aden University, Yemen;1. Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España;2. CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España;3. Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Barcelona, España;1. University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign, USA;2. University of Chicago, USA |
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| Abstract: | The current study extended limited prior work on polysubstance use among youth in the child welfare system (CWS) by addressing their potentially greater risk of engaging in polysubstance use, the causes of interpersonal variation in use, and changes in use over time, particularly at later points of involvement in the CWS. Using longitudinal data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (n = 1,178), a series of time-invariant and time-varying demographic and contextual factors were explored to assess their role both overall and at unique points of involvement in the CWS. A series of unconditional and conditional curve-of-factor models were estimated and results indicated that time-invariant characteristics of ethnicity and gender were not related to polysubstance use. Time-variant characteristics of age and placement were associated with polysubstance use and highlighted the dynamic nature of age as a risk factor. Out-of-home placement was protective against later substance use for youth who had been removed from contexts with their original caretaker where there were higher levels of reported violence. Our results suggest that in the child welfare population, the modeling of multiple substances rather than a single substance in isolation is more informative because it yields information on the confluence of behaviors that tend to occur and evolve together. |
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| Keywords: | Adolescent risk behavior Substance use Time-variant characteristics Time-invariant characteristics |
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