| 北京市智力落后学生身体机能发育水平的调查研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王雁,刘艳虹,杨丽.北京市智力落后学生身体机能发育水平的调查研究[J].中国特殊教育,2004(8). |
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| 作者姓名： | 王雁 刘艳虹 杨丽 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学特殊教育研究中心，北京师范大学特殊教育研究中心，北京师范大学特殊教育研究中心 北京，1000875，北京，1000875，北京，1000875，北京师范大学教育学院2003级研究生 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究“十五”规划立项课题“全国特殊教育学校学生生理发展状况抽样调查研究”的一部分。 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的为了探讨智力落后学生身体机能(脉搏、血压、肺活量)的发育规律及水平。方法对北京市12所培智学校的全体在校学生(生病者除外)进行测查。结果如下(1)智力落后学生总的身体机能发育指标符合普通学生的发展趋势,身体的机能随年龄增长而逐渐增加,但肺通气机能增加不明显。(2)智力落后学生机能发育指标存在性别的特点,其中肺活量约从11岁半起男性明显高于女性,而肺活量指数约从13岁起男性明显高于女性,并维持下去。男性的收缩压从14岁起高于女性。舒张压及脉搏的性别特点则不明显。(3)智力落后学生身体机能改善不明显,尤其是女性各项机能指标在近20年来增长的速度变慢。(4)智力落后学生身体机能发育水平与普通学生的发育水平有差异,主要表现在反映呼吸机能的肺活量及肺活量指数均不如正常学生;另外智力落后学生的脉搏频率高于正常学生,也可在一定程度上反映心血管机能不如正常学生;智力落后女性的舒张压低于正常学生。
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| 关 键 词： | 智力落后学生 机能 脉搏 血压 肺活量 肺活量指数 |
A Survey on Physical Function Developmental Level of Students with Mental Retardation in Beijing |
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| WANG Yan LIU Yanhong YANG Li.A Survey on Physical Function Developmental Level of Students with Mental Retardation in Beijing[J].Chinese Journal of Special Education,2004(8). |
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| Authors: | WANG Yan LIU Yanhong YANG Li |
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| Abstract: | In order to probe into the characteristics and rules in functions of pulse, blood pressure and vital capacity on different developmental periods of mentally retarded students, along with their age and gender,the authors made a survey on these items of physical functions developments of all the students (except the ill) in 11 schools for the mentally retarded in Beijing within the stated time. The results were as follow. (1) The general developmental items in physical functions of students with mental retardation accorded with developmental trend of those who were ordinary. The frequency of pulse descended along with the increase of age. However, the blood pressure and vital capacity both grew with the increase of age. The increase trend of index of vital capacity wasn't very distinct, especially trending to descend a little in females. The results indicated that the physical functions heightened with the increase of age, but aerated function of lung had inconspicuous increase. (2) Physical functions of students with mental retardation revealed sexual characteristics. Among them, the vital capacity of males was obviously higher than those of females from 11.5 years old. However, in the index of vital capacity, males' were obviously higher than that of females at the age of 14, and kept it on. The sexual characteristics of diastolic pressure and pulse were not clear. (3) The improvement of physical function of students with mental retardation was not obvious,especially the increase speed of every function of females has become slow in the near two decades.(4)There was a difference between students with mental retardation and ordinary students in physical function developmental level Students with mental retardation were not as good as ordinary students in vital capality and the index of vital capaity which reflected the breathing function.In addition,the pulse frequency of students with mental retardation was higher than that of ordinary students,and in a certain extent it showed mentally retarded students,inferior heart vessel function.Diastolic pressure of mentally retarded girls was lower than ordinary girls. |
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| Keywords: | students with mental retardation function pulse blood pressure vital capacity index of vital capacity |
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